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Daily Post - 30.09.1943, Blaðsíða 3

Daily Post - 30.09.1943, Blaðsíða 3
DAILY POST 3 D. S. Sbipbulding Goals For 1943 War Shorts Washington:—Acting with Presidental Roosevelt’s appro- val, Senator Millard Tydings of Maryland, has introduced a re- solution in Congress to give the Phillipine Islands their full in- dependence. This measure is planned to forestall Japanese plans to give the Islands bogus independence. The measure would alter the original act which would have given the Phillippines freedom in 1946. ❖ ❖ * London,—United States war industry will soon be producing one military plane every five minutes, Donald M. Nelson, war production board chairman, said at a dinner given for him by the British government. — American war output in 1943 will be at least one and a half times that of Germany and Ja- pan combined, Nelson declared. * * * New York City.—ArchBishop Francis J. Spellman, asserting that Pope Pius 12th is a prison- er of the Germans, asked for prayers that the Church be sa- ved from further persecution, and that the Pontiff will be ab- le to perform his duties. “He is not free to communicate with his archbishops and dioceses throughout the world,” Spell- man said. “We have prayed for the Holy Father because his po- sition is most difficult, and like St. Peter of old, and like other Popes of the Church, he is a prisoner. While we have no positive or concrete way of helping him, we can remem- ber him frequently and fervent- ly in our prayers that the Lord will bless him and enable him to guide the church; and that through Gold’s blessing the Church may be spared further persecution and further harm.” Overseas reports by radio had hinted that the Pope was suff- ering restrictions at the hands o fthe Nazis. 4: >1: San Francisco.—Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt told reporters after her return from the southwest Pacific that enemy planes rai- ded Guadalcanal on twó nights before her visit. “I returned,” said the President’s wife, “with great respect for this young American generation because of its unparralled accomplish- ments. With 8,090,800 deadweight tons of ocean-going cargo ships built and placed in service dur- ing 1942, the U. S. Maritime Commission has scheduled the construction of 18,890,000 tons for 1943—a record-breaking ad dition to the huge merchant fleets which are building up for the invasion of Nazi-held Eur- ope. With the addition of mili- tary and minor craft, the total scheduling for 1943 goes a little over 20 million tons. Such fi- gures make the roaring Amert- can shipyards one of the do- minating factors in the war at sea. More than a year ago, at the beginning of 194.2, deliveriess from American shipyards aver- aged four ships a week. By the end of the year, they had rea- ched the incredible rate of four a day. By May end of the year, they were approaehing six a day. In the first five months of 1943, a total of 711 ships were delivered, not many short of the outpuc for the whole of ij 1942. These tremendous gains • in production were due largely to co'icentration on ships of the 10,5U(J-ton I.iberty type, the principal etnergency type for this war. This simpúfi.ed and standardized ship, extensively prefabricated and assemb'cd in large sections, representad a- bout 80 percent of lasí year s production. May deliveries were 175 ships, totalling 1,782,000 dead- can.e tnto product oo during 1942, and the lernaining íive early in 19 G. C'uc oi the totai of 60 yards which are building merchant tonnage in the United States, these 17 yards ere ori- ginally reserved exclusively to the Liberty-ship program. But the production of Libertys has been enormously speeded up. It took an average of about 8 months to build the first Liber- tys from keel-laying to delive- ry. By January 1943, the aver- age had been reduced to the remarkable time of 521é days. Because the Liberty program can now be carried out with weight tons Oí tliese. 12u were Libirty ships. produced by i7 yards with a total ol 15-' buiid- ing wavf Most of these 17 yards aro net'7 Oi.Iy two of them delívered thei' first ships before January 1942 Tcn more fewer building ways, two of the c 17 yards are being diverted to tanker construction, and some of the ways at two other yards have for some tiihe been occu- pied by special craft for the ar- med forces. Even so, the ways still reserved to Liberty-ship construction will produce the full quota of 1,300 Libertys this year. Five himdred ships of other types are also scheduled for delivery this year. These will be about equally divided between the Maritime Com- mission’s tanker types and C- types. The tankers average a- bout 16,500 deadweight tons, with speeds of from 15 to 18 knots. The C-types are dry-car- go carriers ranging up to 12,- 500 deadweight tons, with speeds of between 14 and 16 Vi knots. Standardized Types These are all standardized types, oil-fired and turbine-dri- ven, with duplicate generators and pumps, gun emplacements, and built-in degaussing belts for protection against magnetic mines; and the C-types are fitt ed with electrically driven car- go winches, extra large hatches with two -or 10-ton cargo der- ricks to each hatch, and forced ventilation of the cargo holds to eliminate the dangers of fire and “sweating” on tropical runs. All these types were de- signed before the war for regul- ar peacetime trading. The Liberty, on the other hand, is a wartime ship, design ed for fast building my mass- production methods. It is a sing le-screw ship, with an over-all length of 441 feet and a gener- al cargo capacity of 9,146 tons. Its hull is allwelded and its construction is of the same high standard as the C-types, but it has been stripped of ev- ery refinement of design that might slow up production. To by-pass a bottleneck in turbine production, the Liberty was de- signed for reciprocating engin- es, and its speed is accordingly 10 or 11 knots. Thirteen hundred Libertys, together with 500 tankers and C-types, add up to the total of 1,800 large cargo ships, aggre- gating 18,890,000 deadweight tons, which are scheduled for delivery this year. In addition, several hundred tugs, barges, coastal vessels and other craft will come off the ways this ye- ar. Next year production will be pushed up another notch. Present plans call for the deli- very of 2,100 large cargo ships in 1944, of which about 1,700 will be emergency-type vessels. It is probable that 700 of the 1,700 will be built to the fami- liar Liberty design, and the re- maining 1,000 to the larger, fas- ter, and generally more effici- ent Victory design which will eventually supplant the Liber- ty- Convoy Experience Produces Victory-Type A great amount of con’voy experience has been gained sin ce the Liberty design came off the drawing boards. It met the demand for a type of ship which could be mass-produced in a hurry, and in fact some astounding records have been made in building Libertys. One Pacific coast shipyard last No- vember built the Liberty ship Robert E. Peary from keel tp delivery in the incredible time of 7 days 1414 hours, a record which has never been approac- hed outside of Liberty ship con struction and is hardly likely to be. But the original Liberty de- sign did not allow for the weight of guns and other protec tive devices with which the Li- bertys have since been equip- ped. The result was an added top hamper which necessitat- ed a moderate increase in ball- ast. Also the engine situation is easier than it was when the Libertys were designed. At that time the Navy was taking the high-speed marine power plants for its own ships, and the Libertys had to take a slo- wer type of engine. The Vict- orys will use a special type of high-power compound steam engine, giving a speed of be- tween 15 and 17 knots. Beside the extra margin of safety which the higher speed will provide, the Victorys will be able to make more voyages per year. Fifty Million Tons by End of 1944 When the Maritime Commis- sion took •over the job of rebu- ildin gthe U. S. merchant mar- ine in 1937, there were but 10 privately-owned shipyards in the country, with only 46 ship- ways capable of building ships (Continued on page 4.)

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