The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1945, Qupperneq 25

The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1945, Qupperneq 25
THE VEGETATION OF CENTRAL ICELAND 367 2. Víðidalur and Kollumúli. Víðidalur is a fairly long valley situated south of the small glacier Hofsjökull. Its upper part almost reaches Vatnajökull and is here very shallow and poor in vegetation. Farther down, where the valley is deepest, there is a very luxuriant vegetation, but here the actual highland vegetation ceases, the bottom of the valley being elevated only a little more than 400 m above the sea. On the mountain sides the typical highland vegetation is met with. The same applies to Kollumúli, the mountain ridge south of Víðidalur, between the latter and Jökulsá í Lóni. Farthest down along Jökulsá there occur birch scrub and other types of lowland vegetation, while higher up there are screes devoid of vegetation, mossy heaths or gravelly flats, and altogether a very poor vegetation. D. Síðumannaafrjettur. The fourth highland region investigated by me is Síðumanna- afrjettur southwest of Vatnajökull, or more correctly, the highest part of it. Still this area is the lowest of the areas investigated, being situated about 400 m above sea-level. The greater part of it consists of a slightly sloping stretch of mýri or flói with countless lakelets or pools. Higher up there occur extensive gravel plains, above which rise some tuff mountains, in which either gravel flats or Grimmia heaths are found. A very large part is covered with immense lava masses from the tremendous eruption of the Laki in 1783. The lava is now covered with Grimmia heaths, but has a very scattered and poor phanerogamous vegetation. Although a great part of this region falls outside the limits I had set myself, as I chiefly intended to describe the vegetation found above an altitude of 500 m, the vegetation of this region may serve as a type of the transitional form between the highland and the lowland vegetation. It also differs from the other areas in that the vegetation here is continuous with the lowland vegetation, whereas in the other regions it is separated from it by large barren tracts of land. This neces- sarily sets its mark on the vegetation and makes it richer and more like that of the lowland than is otherwise the case. E. Oases in the centre of the country. 1. Near Geldingsá. The area investigated lies partly in the small depression extending along the small river Geldingsá before it empties into Jökulsá eystri, partly near Jökulsá in the so-
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The Botany of Iceland

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