Læknablaðið : fylgirit - 01.06.2009, Blaðsíða 23

2 7 T H CONGR SCAND ASSOC UROL
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41 Urine and kidney cytokine profiies in experimental
unilateral hydronephrosis
MG Madsen1'2, R Nnrregaard2, JH Christensen3, J Frokiær2, TM Jnrgensen1
’Department ofUrology, Aarhus Universiti/ Hospital Skejby, 2The Waterand
Salt Resenrch Center, Institute ofClinicat Medicine, University ofAarhus,
3Research Unit for Molecidar Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby,
Aarhus, Denmark
miagebaucrmadsen@ki.au.dk
Aim: To examine whether a potential change in the
concentration of urinary cytokines after release of unilateral
ureteral obstruction (UUO) reliably reflects changes in the renal
parenchyma.
Material and methods: A 48 hour UUO rat model was
used. Urine samples were collected selective and kidneys
were either dissected and homogenised or prepared for
immunohistochemistry. Sham-operated rats were prepared
in parallel. Urine and tissue cytokines were measured with a
multiplex assay for Luminex.
Results and discussion: We found an increased expression of IL-
1|3, IL-6 and TNF-a in the obstructed kidney and corresponding
to this, significant higher levels of these cytokines in urine from
the obstructed kidney. Importantly, we also found increased
levels of IL-10 in urine from the non-obstructed kidney, contrary
to urine from the obstructed kidney in which the level was below
detection limit. There is a correlation between the concentration
of these inflammatory cytokines in renal parenchyma and in
urine, and the urinary level may reflect the progression of the
renal damage in UUO.
Conclusions: Hydronephrosis is an important cause of renal
failure in children. A combination of urinary biomarkers may be
useful in predicting which patients will require surgery and in
which patients the hydronephrosis will resolve. Further studies
(PUUO rat model and humane studies) are required to confirm
the diagnostic accuracy of IL-1|J, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a in urine,
and their potential as biomarkers.
42 Decisional conflict and distress in lcelandic prostate
cancer survivors
LA Gunnell1, S Ágústsdóttir1, J Smári1, HB Valdimarsdóttir2
1Department of Psychology, School ofHealth Sciences, University oflceland,
Reykjavík, Iceland, 2Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of
Medicine NY, NY, USA
Uvanna99@hotmail.com, sjofii@salomonehf.com
Aims: The aim of the current study was to examine the levels
of decisional conflict experienced by Icelandic prostate cancer
survivors and its relationship with distress as measured by
anxiety, depression, intrusive thoughts about prostate cancer
and avoidance symptoms.
Material and methods: Prostate cancer survivors completed
questionnaires assessing; 1) depression and anxiety; 2)
intrusive thoughts about prostate cancer; 3) conflicts regarding
the treatment decision. In addition participants completed
questionnaires on demographic and medical variables.
Results and discussion: There was a great variability in all of
the decisional conflict variables as well as the distress variables.
There was a significant correlation between decisional conflict
total scores and distress as measured by depression, anxiety and
intrusive thoughts about prostate cancer. The decisional conflict
subscales, lack of support, uncertainty, feeling uninformed and
having unclear personal values were associated with higher
levels of depression and anxiety. In addition, the subscales lack
of support and uncertainty were associated with higher levels of
intrusive thoughts about prostate cancer.
Conclusion: The results indicate a great variability in the degree
of decisional conflict among prostate cancer survivors but those
with high levels of decisional conflict also reported higher levels
of depression, anxiety and intrusive thoughts about prostate
cancer. The results suggest that prostate cancer may need more
support with their treatment decision in order to minimize the
risk of decisional conflict and related distress.
43 Demographic and medical factors are related to
distress among prostate cancer survivors
SÓ Lárusdóttir1, Á Kristinsdóttir1, K Jónsdóttir1, S Ágústsdóttir1, J Smári1,
HB Valdimarsdóttir2
1Department ofPsychology, School ofHealth Sciences, University oflceland,
Reykjavik, Iceland, 2Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of
Medicine NY, NY, USA
sjofn@salomonehf.com
This study aimed to look at distress and quality of life among
Icelandic prostate cancer survivors. Prostate cancer is the most
frequently diagnosed cancer and a second leading cause of
cancer deaths among men in the Western world. The disease
and its treatment can have various undesirable side effects,
both physical and psychological, but distress levels have been
shown to vary. Prostate cancer survivors, identified through the
Icelandic Cancer Registry, were offered via mail to participate
in the study and 184 (48%) questionnaires were returned. The
sample was neither limited to a specific stage of the cancer at
diagnosis nor treatment. The questionnaire package included
demographic and medical questions as well as questions on
depression, anxiety, quality of life and intrusive thoughts about
prostate cancer.
The results revealed that on average, participants experienced
little distress and good quality of life, however, individual
results varied greatly. Younger men experienced more distress
and marriage was linked to better quality of life. Those who
were diagnosed with localized cancer had lower distress levels
and higher levels of quality of life. Measures of distress and
quality of life also varied depending on which treatment the
patients received, those who underwent radiotherapy felt worse
than those who had a radical prostatectomy.
The results are an important step towards identifying and
developing treatment for the subset of patients who are most at
risk for experiencing emotional distress.
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