Rit (Vísindafélag Íslendinga) - 01.06.1975, Side 18

Rit (Vísindafélag Íslendinga) - 01.06.1975, Side 18
Mire Vegetation As has already been stated the mire has been defined as an area of land where hygrophile plants grow, so that its entire vegetation is all of a hygrophile character. This also applies where it is defined on a topographic hasis, since tiie botanical and the topographic definitions largely coincide. The vegetation of Icelandic mire areas is generally homogeneous, although it is subject to changes depend- ing on the lie of the mire, moisture content and other local condi- tions. A continuous vegetative cover is a common characteristic of all mire vegetation. There are two vegetative layers. The bottom layer consists primarily of moss species. A common characteristic of Ice- landic mire tracts is the scarcity of Sphagnum, and nowhere have I foimd it in such abundance that it forms a continuous vegetative cover. In my research I have not had the opportunity to treat moss to any extent, but individual observations and other research indi- cate that the following species are most common. Hypnum, several species, also species of the family branches of Catoscopium, Philo- notis, Cinclidium and Mnium. In the North and East of Iceland Thuidium lanatum is one of the most common moss species. Hes- selbo’s work is relied on in this context. In some areas there are traces of Lichena, but nowhere so as to be conspicuous. As the mire becomes more moist the bottom layer is more open. Moss species become more scarce and sparse. In the wettest flói areas the moss disappears almost altogether, but between the phanero- gams the bare soil either protrudes or it is covered with slime of algae. A few phanerogams are found in the bottom layer, e.g. Utri- cularia minor, Oxycoccus microcarpus and a select few other types, but they are rare and hardly noticeable in the vegetation cover where they are found. The phanerogams of the mire are mainly Cyperacéae. A very few species predominate there, and these are found virtually everywhere in mire tracts and characterize their particular sociations. The most common species are Eriophormn angustifolium and Carex nigra or in its place C. Bigelowii in high- land mire tracts. Other common species are C. rariflora, C. chor- dorrhiza, C. saxatilis and C. rostrata. None of these species occorn: outside mýri tracts except C. Bigelowii, which is most frequently 18
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Rit (Vísindafélag Íslendinga)

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