Rit (Vísindafélag Íslendinga) - 01.06.1976, Qupperneq 60

Rit (Vísindafélag Íslendinga) - 01.06.1976, Qupperneq 60
the annual mean deuterium content of the precipitation on the glaciers. As discussed in the previous chapter, Icelandic glaciers can he classified as soaked zones. Only a part of the annual precipitation is accumulated; a part of it escapes as runoff during the following summer. When the runoff percolates through the winter layer it causes an extensive isotopic exchange between water and solid ice leaving the remaining firn appreciably enriched in deuterium, relative to its original value. Therefore a profile taken through a glacier’s accumulation usually gives no reliable information about the deuterium content of the past precipitation. This is in contrast to high polar glaciers where the total annual precipitation is ac- cumulated and profiles taken through the accumulation of those glaciers provide a direct measure of the isotopic content of the pre- cipitation. The most precise method of obtaining information about the deuterium content of the precipitation of Icelandic glaciers would be to collect samples of the winter layers before the melting season starts and then to place rain gauges on the glaciers during the summer and collect monthly samples in the same way as at mete- orological stations. The cost of such sampling has ruled out the use of this method. Tahle 6 shows the mean annual deuterium concentration and the mean deuterium concentration for the periods October — April and May — September for the three meteorological stations Rjúpna- hæð, Hveravellir and Vegatunga. The amount of precipitation (in mm) is also given as mean value for the corresponding period. The period October — April or even October — May is the part of the year when the precipitation on Icelandic glaciers usually falls as snow, no melting occurs, and conditions are similar to those on polar glaciers. Consequently, samples of the winter layer may be taken as representative for the precipitation in this period. The table shows that in spite of a slight annual periodicity in the deu- terium concentration with a low deuterium in winter and high in summer, the mean annual deuterium concentration is only slightly higher than the mean concentration for the period October — April. In all cases the difference is less than 1%0. 56
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Rit (Vísindafélag Íslendinga)

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