Lögberg-Heimskringla - 01.06.1967, Blaðsíða 11

Lögberg-Heimskringla - 01.06.1967, Blaðsíða 11
LÖGBERG-HEIMSKRINGLA. FIMMTUDAGINN 1. JÚNÍ 1967 11 ENNIAL CANADA nt on April 14-th, 1967, and placed in the ig on Wellington Street, Ottawa. Saga literature of Iceland. This ancient, classic lan- guage of Northern Europe — Old Norse — preserved through the centuries and still spoken in Iceland today -— has a close kinship with Anglo-Saxon which forms the basis of the most forceful and effective speech in modern English. Icelandic is one of the required subjects in ad- vanced studies of English in the Universities of Great Britain, the older Universities of North America and in in- stitutions of higher learning in other countries. Trade and communication between Iceland and Green- land with the rest of Europe continued up to, and beyond, the period of active explora- tion and conquest of the New World by the Spanish, Portu- guese, English, French, and Dutch navigators and explor- ers. During the years before and after A. D. 1470, there was a determined effort by experi- enced and seasoned naviga- tors to explore the lands they knew existed beyond the western horizon. They were encouraged and supported by merchants of means and by people in high authority. On August 3rd, 1492, Christo- pher Columbus sailed south- west from Palos, Spain. He had carefully calculated the latitude along which he in- tended to travel. From his earlier experience ,as a naviga- tor, while exporing the west coast of Africa, he knew that the prevailing trade winds blew westward at that time of the year. When he finally re- set his course due west, after reaching the Canary Islands, he fully expected to reach the J shores of Asia. NADIAN HISTORY 'ESTERN HEMISPHEKE KY OF THE EASTERN COAST OF CANADA BY IN THE LATE TENTH CENTURY. IS FROM CRAENLENDINCA SAGA <THE SACA OF /RITINC IN ICELAND ABOUT A.D- 1200 AND OOK.), A VELLUM MANUSCRIPT COMPILED IN 5 1NTHE WEST BY BJARNI HERJOLFSSON, OF R.1BES THÉ VOÝAGE OF DISCOVERY OF LEIFR N'DINGS IN HELLULAND (FLATSTONELAND). INELAND). THÉSE EXPLORATIONS LED TO AN LLSEFNI WHOSÉ SON.-SNORRI THORFINNSSON, REENtÁND AKD EASTER.N CANADA SOEPOItTS i oE EXPtOItATÍON AND COIONIZATION. B, Jwn, »» «, í I' l»**T U* 1Í« « !«• 4* » iKirt t • im (!/+#■ 1»*** »rmr H&t I- flli > :»V f ‘V IW Jsf Xs* s*á :*>»* ■ }i** 5*» K s* U $<• l rto* htrt * 00« i&l* \‘-ivé '»<,$ •>« < i> |>* f $ |ít> <«*• tV' *»>*w*P# «6, >v.0: u1 í:«v vr> :: tyt tt: . **# V iifa'i t « tlí* ***** V f i'mS *♦«'*»* *H>»i«|i . í<A»>'.'«i' V>- í {jntf'íWf r 0■■ * «Wít V TiCIh *.<*<• !« y«j|: ||rw-* >»<*» {>'* 1«NM •4*f 6<$ «!»<►:: ViK'Jtf*! ** v í<*í h:i»» m <■■■* íto/sis ***** <<* * T> j>y JpP »*♦« t **>>; í ‘ A ÍovíFtiAw f *!*»%> föm ýyuf n»pK 9 •*«* v*á ■<s h«r•!>«»•'. ■>« * íÉ* ♦*• W '«*•• V- &***>:' Á 'jr-1,<■ f>4 A*»«•'> Trtri'W r- ¥>V'« >>t< >:F«* í;<: SÁjkR' V ^ ».V0! ? <v iy>t ji .•»♦»*>>:«*> ■ >:« í»í : *i> íVtjt't: i% r>i ! >,V v '<>>/? *«{♦»>>&úd s>>< ÍV Áe ♦ |b» f M y**>* f i-.jc Ma *r iWI* *• « •"«*’ unkv m \.n <>«*• » t *!(**» ^,'v <tf> H 'ykfa* r>-> :£ lHS «>♦«>> Xtj # two wV }>** t )N«' f*fr * rpr^rr^rA í %»! í f IWtíl' M »> BJARNI HERJOLFSSON VOIT LA TERRE NOUVELLE ... A PAES CEtA Its VIRENT LE SOLF.IL DE NOUVEAO ET PURENT S'ORIENTER; ILS HIS3ERENT VOItB ET AFRES AVOIR VOOUE UN JOUR.ILS VIRENT LA TERRE. ItS DISCUTERENT ENTRE EUX DE QUEL PAYS CE ROURRAIT ETRE. BJARNI PENSA QUE CE NB POUVAIT ETRE LE OROENLAND. L' EQtllPAOE LWl DENANDA S’ILVOULAIT Y DEBARQUER OU NON. BJARNI REPONDIT,"j« CENSE QUE NOUS DEVRIONS NAVIGUER TRES PRES DE L A COTE " C'EST CE QU’ltS riRENT, ET BIENTOT IIS EURENT VOIR QUE LA REOION N'ETAIT EAS HONTAONEUS8. MAIS ETAIT BIEN BOISEE AVEC DES COLLINES PEU ELEVEE S. AINSI ILS PRIRENT LE LAROE DE NOUVEAU. LAI3SANT LA TERRE DERRIERE EUX A BABORD. ]] LES EXPLORATIONS DE LEIFR EIRILSSON ... fts PREPARERENY LEUR BATEAU ET PRIRENT LE LAROt. LA PREMIERE COTE QUOLS VtRENT FUT LA DERNItRE QUE BJARNi AVAIT VOF.i ILÍ S’ARRETF.RENT TOUT PRES ET JETERENT L'ANCRE. MIRENT UNE EMBARCATION A LA MFR ET ALLERENT A TERRE. ILN'T AVAIT POINT D'NERBE ET L'ARRIERE-PATS ETAIT COUVERT D'ENORMES OLAClERS. ET enTre les olaciers et la mer la terre etait commé une seule pierre plate.il leur semblait que c'etait un PATS SANS VALEUR. PÚIS LEIFR DIT."MA1NTFNANT NOUS AVONS PAIT ENCORE MIEUXQUÍ BJARNI ENCEQUI CONCERNl CE PATS-NOUS r AVONS MIS PIED Dti MOINS. JE DONNERAI UN NOM A CE PAYS ET JE l'APPELLERAI HEtLULAND." ItS RETOURNERENT Á LEOR BATÉAU ÍT PRIRENT tE LAROE. ItS ViRENT UNE SECONDE TERRE. ENCORE UNE POIS ILS NAVIOUERF.NT TOOT PRE3. JÉTERENT L'ANCRE- MIRENT UNE EM.BARCATION A LA MER ET AtLERENT A TERRE.CE PATS ETAIT PLAT ET BOISE AVEC DES PtAÓES DE SABLÉ BLANC PARTOUT OU ILS ALLERENT; ÉT LA TERRE DESCENlJAIT DOUCEMENt VERS LA MER. LEIPR DIT.'yp. DONNERAI A CE PAYS UN NOM SUOOERE PAR SES RICHE33E3 NATURELLÉS: IL S'APPELLERA MARRLAND'.* ILS RETOURNERENT A LEUR BATEAU AUSSI RAPIDEMENT QUE POSSIBLE ET VOCUERENT DEVANT UN V ENT BOUPPLANT DU NORD-EST PENDANT DEUX.JOURS JUSQU'AU MOMENT OU ILS VIRENT DE NOUVEAU LA TERRR. ILS SE DIRIOXRENT VERS ELLE ET ARRIVERENT A UNE ILE QUI SE TROUVAIT AU NORD DE LA COTE. ILS V DEBARQUERENT ET REOARDERÉNT AUTOUR D'EUX.IL PAISAlT BEAU. LA ROSEE ETAIT SUR L'HERBt.ETLA PREMIFRF. CHOSEQU’ltS PIRENT. CE PUT D'EN MOUlLLER LEURS MAINS tT DE LA PORTER A LF.URS LEVRES. C'ETAIT, LEUR SEMBLA-T-lt.LA PLUS DOUCE CHOSE QU'ILS EUSSENT JAMAIS OOUTEE. PÚIS ILS RETOURNERENT A LEUR BATEAU ET PENETRERENT DANS LE DETROIT QUI SE TROUVAIT ENTRE L'ILE ET LE CAP QUE EORMAlT LA TERRE PERME AU NORD. ILS PlRENT ROUTE A L'OUEST ET DOUBLERENT LE CAP. II V AVAIT DES HAUTSPONDS LA. ET A MAREE BASSE LEUR BATEAU ETAIT ASEC. LA MER PRESQUE HORS DE VUE. MAIS ILS ETAlENT TELLEMÍNT IMPATIENTS DE DEBARQUER QU’ILS NE POUVAIENT ATTENDRE QIIE LA MAREE VINT DESP.CHOUER LE BATEAU.ILS DESCÍNDIAENT, COURURENT VERS LATERRE A CENOROIt OU UNE RIVIERE SORTAIT D'UN LAC.ILS PRIRENTUN CANOT A t'AVIRON ET RETOURNE RENT AU BATEAU DES QU'IL PUT RF.MIS A FLOT PAR L-A MAREÉ MONTANTE. AVEC LE BATEAU ILS REMONTERENT LA RIVIERE ET PENETRERENT DANS LE LACOU ILS JETERENT L’ANCRE. ItS APPÖRTE R ENT LEURS HAMACSA TERRE ET ERíOERENT DES BARAQUES. PUIS ItS DECIDERENT D*Y PASSER L'HIVER ET CONSTRUISIRE NT QUELQUES ORANDES MAISONS. IL Y AVAIT ABONDAMMENT DE SAUMONS DaNs LA RIVIERE CT DANS LE LACl LES PLUS ORANDS SAUMONS OU’ILS EUSSÉNT JAMAIS VU5. L£ PATS LEUR SEMBLAIT 51 DOUX QU'ILS N'AURAIENT PAS 8ESOIN DE POURRAOE POUR LE BF.TAIL PF.NbANT L'HIVER. IL N'Y AVAIT PAS DE CEL PENDANT TOUT t'HIVPR ET L'HERBE N* 51 DESStCHA ÖUERE. DANS CE PAY5. LE JOUR ET LA NUIT ETAIENT D’UNE LONOUEUR PLUS EOALE QU'AU OROÍNLAND OU Qtl’EN ISLANDE: LE SOLEIL S'ETAIT DEJA LF.VE A NEUF HEURE5 DU MATIN LX JOURLE PLUS COURT DE L'ANNEE ET IL NE St COUCHAlT PAS AVANT TROIS HEURIS DE L'APRES - MIDI. QUAND ILS AVAIENT TERMINE LA CONSTRUCTION DE 1,EURS MAISONS. LtlPR DIT A SES COMPAONONS."MAINTENA NT JF. VEUX DIVISEA NOTRE COMPAONIE «N DEUX OROUPES POUR PAIRE IXPLORER Lt PATS. LA MOITIt Dt tA COM PAONII DOIT RESTER ICI PRES DES MAISON* PENDANT QUE LES AUTRES S’EN VONT EXPLORER - MAIS CIS DtRNItRS Nt DOIVtNT PAS ALLER Sl LOIN QU'ILS Nt PUIS51NT RENTRER LI SOIR DU MEME JOUR. IT ILS Nt DOIVINT PA5 SX StPARIR ItS UNS DES AOTRES.” ItS MIRENT SES ORDRtS X'tXECUTION PENDANT QlittQU! TEMPS- TOUR A TOLR LtlPR lUI-MEME SORTAIT AVEC Lt CROUPE D'EXPLORATtURS OU RESTAIT IN ARRIERE A LA BASt. LEt FR ETAIT UN HOMME ORAND IT PORT DONT L'APPARENCE ETAIT IMPOSANTI. C'tTAIT UN KOMMI SAOACB DONT LB COMPORTEMENT BTAIT TOUJOURS MODtRE. NIAL CIFT ILS DORMIRENT LE RESTE DE LA NUIT. 1T LE LENDEMAlN MATIN LEIPR DIT A 8IS HOMMES,"MA!MTENANT NOUS AVONS DEUX TACHES A ACCOMPLIR. TOUS LES DEUX JOURS NOUS DEVONS CUEILLlR OtS RAISINS ET COUPER DES 5ARMENTS, ET ENSUITE ABATTRE DES ARBRES. POUR CONSTITUER UNE CAROAISON A MON BATEAU. ON PIT CELA. ON DIT QUE LE BATEAU QU'ILS RÍMORQUAIFNT ETAIT TOUT REMPLl DE RAISINS. ILS PRIRENT UN PLEIN CHAROEMENT DI BOIS A BORD. AU PRINTEMPS ILS S'APPRETERENT A PARTIR ET PUIS PRiRENT LA MER.LEIPR donna AU pays un nom SUOOERE par SBS qualites NATURILLBS ET L'APPELA VINLANO. Thirty-two days later, he and his crew landed on the Island of San Salvador in the Bahamas — the first Europe- ans to sail that broad south- ern expanse of the Atlantic Ocean. On some of the maps drawn in the fifteenth century, Vin- land was shown as just an- other large island — “Vin- landa Insula” — in the North Atlantic, over twelve hundred miles north of the Caribbean Islands discovered by Colum- bus. It is greatly to his credit that Columbus thoroughly in- formed himself before em- barking upon his long and hazardous journey. By all re- liable accounts that are avail- able to us, he certainly did not just sail “out into the blue”. If we can accept the biography written and pub- lished in 1521 by his own son, Ferdinand, as a reliable source of information, then Colum- bus did visit Iceland in Feb- ruary 1477. His genius as a navigator and an explorer was enhanced because he had stu- died the scientific records of the time and thus, contrary to the popularly accepted theory of the day, he had sound reasons to believe that the world was round. By using the navigational information at his disposal, Columbus cal- culated that land could be reached by travelling seven hundred leagues westward from Spain. This estimate proved to be correct, even though he failed to reach the East Indies. When Columbus was forced, at the Robida Convent, to give his reasons for his belief that land existed beyond the rim of the Western Ocean, he stat- ed that he based this convic- tion “ ... first, on the nature of things; second, on the re- ports of navigators; and third, on the authority of learned writers.. In 1497, John Cabot sailed westward from Bristol, Eng- land, on a voyage of discov- ery. According to the well- known Canadian historians, Lower and Chafe, “... the prosperity of Bristol was de- pendent on the cod fisheries of Iceland. The agreement under which these were open to Englishmen was about to run out and the merchants of Bristol were naturally anxi- ous to find new fishing grounds...“ Cabot explored and charted the coasts of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. On his re- turn to England, he reported — amongst other things — on the fabulous fishing grounds off the coast of Newfound- land. Subsequently, these fish- ing grounds provided an im- portant source of food for the people of Europe. In 1534 and 1535, Jacques

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