Læknablaðið : fylgirit - 01.08.2002, Blaðsíða 15

ABSTRACTS / 2 1 ST
NORDIC CONGRESS OF ALLERGOLOGY
and inverse relationship with non-infectious rhinitis at 4 years of
age (adjusted OR 0.4 95% CI 0.2 - 0.9).
Conclusions: Dog keeping during the first year of life was
associated with a decreased risk of sensitisation to pollen and non-
infectious rhinitis at age four and this was found significant even
after exclusion of families where pet keeping had been avoided
because of allergy in other family members.
0 4- Atopic allergy and delayed type hypersensitivity in
Estonian children
Julge K, Björkstén B
Children’s Clinic of Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia, Centre for Allergy
Research and Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute,
Stockholm, Sweden
L/min) (ERJ 1998; 11:1111), expressed as % label claim (for TH
“metered dose”), and were correlated with PIF (R2 = correlation
coefficient). Results for salmeterol and formoterol are tabulated at
the bottom of the page.
Conclusions: Dose delivery from the Turbuhaler® increases with PIF
in 4-year old children and varies markedly for a given PIF also in 8-
year olds. Delivery from tlie Diskus is highly consistent and indepen-
dent of PIF. The data suggest that asthmatic children from the age of
4 years can generate predictable and consistent total and fine particle
drug aerosols from the Diskus® but not from the Turbuhaler®.
Supported by GlaxoSmithKline (DEV40026)
0 6- The connection between air pollution and asthma
Endre L
The aim of our study was to investigate delayed type hypersensi-
tivity (DTH) response in atopic and non-atopic children in a
population with a low prevalence of allergic disorders.
Skin prick tests (SPT) were performed with fresh egg white and
extracts of 5 inhalant allergens, i.e. cat, dog, house dust mite (D.
pteronyssinus), birch and timothy and DTH response was evalu-
ated by Multitest ® CMI in 72 Estonian 4-6 year old children.
The frequency of response to diphtheria was significantly
increased in SPTpositive children (55% vs 26%, c2 = 5.5; p = 0.038).
The induration to diphtheria (2.4±0.5 vs 0.9±0.2 mm; p = 0.004), and
tetanus (3.5±0.6 vs 2.1±0.3 mm; p = 0.025) was significantly greater
in the SPT positive children. The cumulative size of induration in
the positive DTH tests was significantly greater in the SPT positive
children (9.0±1.2vs 5.2±0.6 mm, p = 0.01).
Conclusion: In this group of children our findings do not support
the hypothesis of an immune deviation with decreased Thl and
increased Th2 responses leading to atopic disease, but rather a
process of immune modulation whereby both Thl and Th2
responses are increased in atopic subjects.
0 5- Total and fine drug particle mass generated from
two dry powder inhalers. (DPIs) by children with
asthma aged 4 or 8 years
Gustafsson P', Andersson H', Glad M', Johal B2, Burnell PKP2
'Dept. of Paediatrics, Central Hospital, Skövde, Sweden. 2GlaxoSmithKline
Research and Development, UK
Aim: To assess the dose delivery generated when inhaling through
Seretide Diskus® and Symbicort Turbuhaler® (TH).
Methods: After training, full inhalation pressure/time profiles
through the inhalers were recorded in 20 four-year old and 20 eight-
year old asthmatic children. These profiles were replicated ex vivo
through both inhalers using the Electronic Lung. The total emitted
dose (TED) and fine particle mass (FPM; < 4.7 jxm) of component
drugs were measured using an Andersen cascade impactor (28.3
Central Hospital of MÁV, Pediatric Dep., Budapest, Hungary
Statistical studies on large populations, and also in vitro and in vivo
animal and human investigations in various research laboratories
throughout the world, have confirmed that air pollutants resulting
from road traffic promote the development of asthma and worsen
the symptoms in existing asthma.
The prevalence of bronchial asthma in childhood in Hungary is
low relative to that in the industrially most developed countries.
The data provided by the physicians treating more than 100,000
children in Budapest in 1995 indicated a prevalence of 1.88 %, the
corresponding data on more than 130,000 children in 1999 pointed
to a prevalence of 2.26 %, i.e. an increase of 20 % within 4 years.
During this period, the air pollution data (S02, 03, CO, N02, and
aerial dust) were measured continuously at 7 points in Budapest,
these data were combined and means were calculated from them. It
was found that there was not a significant deterioration in any of
these air pollutants in the 4 years in question. As regards the level
of air pollution, Budapest occupies an intermediate position in the
list of large cities in the world.
Our studies have revealed that the reason why there are far
fewer asthmatic children in Budapest than in the large British cities,
for example, is not that the level of air pollution is better in
Budapest. Moreover, the cause of the 20 % increase in the
prevalence of asthma in childhood is not a deterioration in the level
of air pollution.
0 7- Airway inflammation and remodeling in elite
athletes
Boulet LP, Turcotte H, Langdeau JB, Chakir J
Centre de Recherche, Institut de cardiologie et de pneumologie de l’Université
Laval, Hópital Laval, Sainte-Foy (Québec) Canada
Objectives: To determine if there are lower airway inflammatory or
structural changes in high-level swimmers and runners, and look at
the effects of intense training on sputum cell differential.
Results: Inhaler Drug Label claim TED (% label claim) Mean SD Range R2 FPM (% label claim) Mean SD Range R2
4-yr TH formoterol 6 (mg) 69 14 45-98 0.54 32 13 12-63 0.47
8-yr TH formoterol 6 (mg) 69 13 40-88 0.08 38 7 22-47 0.18
4-yr Diskus salmeterol 50 (mg) 88 5 78-97 0.00 19 2 15-22 0.01
8-yr Diskus salmeterol 50 (mg) 85 4 78-91 0.00 18 3 14-23 0.06
Læknablaðið/Fylgirit 46 2002/88 15