The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1914, Side 133

The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1914, Side 133
V. A SKETCH OF THE CHIEF PLANT-FORMATIONS OF ICELAND. We will now give a brief account of the commonest and, from a geographical point of view, most important plant-formations ol' the land-vegetation of Iceland, without, however, entering into details or into local deviations of the different plant-associations. This account is based partly on my own observations and partly on those published by others; I have especially made use of Dr. Helgi Jónsson’s numerous excellent descriptions of the vegeta- tion-forms of Iceland. Here I shall confine myself to the pureljr geographical distribution without entering more closely into rela- tions of causation, or into questions ol’ general ecologv, which will no doubt be exhaustively discussed later on. The division into plant-formations and -associations is as yet, in many respects, de- pendent upon individual opinion. In the following, with the ex- ception of a few deviations, I am adopting Dr. H. Jónsson’s main divisions. Dr. Jónsson is the most experieqced investigator of the vegetation of Iceland, and has described the plant-life from many more parts of Iceland than has anyone else. But much work re- mains to be done by future investigators; the vegetation-conditions from more than one-lialf the total area of the island are still to be described. and so many local variations, and such varied associa- tions occur withi'n the larger formations that it will be a long time hefore the details from everywhere are well-known. The following is only a brief account íor the general orientation of the larger plant-formations and of the chief points regarding the distribution of the higher plants according to present knowledge1. 1 Besides the above-mentioned works on the flora of Iceland, tliere are the following descriptions of the vegetation: — Chr. Grönlund: Karakteristik of Wantevæxten paa Island, sammenlignet med I'loraen i flere andre Lande (Natur- historisk Forenings Festskrift, 1890 [printed 1884], pp. 107—145). C. H. Ostenfeld: Skildringer af Vegetationen paa Island (Botanisk Tidsskrift, XXII, 1899, pp. 227— 21*
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The Botany of Iceland

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