The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1914, Qupperneq 140

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THORODDSEN
Menyanthes trifoliata, Equisetnm limosum, Heleocharis palustris, etc.
Upon the knolls, which are dry, many other plants occur, often Be-
tula nana, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix glauca, etc. The ground-
vegetation consists of several species of mosses, Amblystegium, Sphag-
num, Hylocomium, and others. On the mountains Eriophorum-bogs
are very frequent and Carex-bogs of rarer occurrence, but in the
lowlands the reverse is the case. Moss bogs with different aquatic
Fig. 28. Geilabergsvatn. Flooded meadow with Eriophorum and Corea*.
(Fliot. A. Hesselbo.)
vegetation, as at the above-mentioned springs, often occur in these
swampy tracts, and pools with Equisetum limosum, Hippuris vul-
garis, Menyanthes and Sparganium. The Icelandic “myrar” are richer
in species and have a denser vegetation than the “flóar.” The
dominant plants are Carex cryptocarpa and C. Goodenoughii, but in
addition many other species of Carex occur, viz. C. rariflora, C.
canescens, C. microglochin and others, moreover, Eriophorum Scheuch-
zeri, Equisetum palustre, Comarum palustre, which are characteristic
of wet meadows, Caltha patustris, Parnassia palustris, Cardamine
pratensis, etc. Almost everywhere the above-mentioned genera and
many others are associated with a moss-bottom. Sometimes some
Gramineœ, Polygonum viviparum, Euphrasia officinalis, etc. occur
upon the knolls, and in south-west Iceland, here and there on moss-
covered knolls, Drosera rotundifolia. From the outer edge of the