Lögberg - 11.09.1958, Qupperneq 3

LÖGBEHG, FIMMTUfiAGlttN 11. SEPTEMBER 1958
3
un sína og aðrir hlutaðeig-
endur.
Annars var Halldóri, að
vonum, margvíslegur sómi
sýndur í viðurkenningarskyni
fyrir fjölþætt og mikilsverð
fræðistörf hans. Háskóli ís-
lands gerði hann heiðurs-
doktor í heimspeki Alþingis-
hátíðarárið 1930. Hann var
s æ m d u r stórriddarakrossi
hinnar íslenzku fálkaorðu
með stjörnu 1939, en áður
hafði hann hlotið bæði ridd-
ara- og stórriddarakross
þeirrar orðu. Hann var heið-
ursfélagi í Hinu íslenzka Bók-
menntafélagi og einn af
fyrstu heiðursfélögum Þjóð-
ræknisfélags íslendinga í
Vesturheimi. Frá því 1943 og
til dauðadags var hann í
stjórnarnefnd menningar- og
fræðafélagsins The American
Scandinavian Foundation og
átti árum saman sæti í útgáfu
nefnd þeirrar stofnunar.
Hvað vænst ætla ég þó, að
Halldóri hafi þótt um Af-
maeliskveðju þá, stórt rit og
vandað að sama skapi, sem
Landsbókasafn Islands gaf út
honum til heiðurs sjötugum,
er hófst á faguryrtu þakkar-
ávarpi til hans og var undir-
ritað af nærri 150 körlum og
konum, meðal þeirra ýmsir
kunnustu fræðimenn þjóðar-
innar og aðrir forystumenn
hennar, en margir fleiri
velunnarar afmælisbarnsins
myndu gjarnan hafa viljað
vera með í þeim hópi, sem
hyllti hann á þeim tímamót-
um. Eins og ágætlega átti við,
var afmælisrit þetta einkum
bókfræðilegs efnis og hafði
inni að halda ritgerðir eftir
kunna íslenzka fræðimenn
innan lands og utan.
En með Halldóri Hermanns-
syni er eigi aðeins til moldar
genginn framúrskarandi af-
kastamaður og mikilhæfur
fræðimaður, heldur einnig
heilsteyptur merkismaður um
skaphöfn og lífshorf. Hann
var mikill að vallarsýn, svo
að engum fékk dulist, að þar
fór skörungsmaður, og hann
var að sama skapi höfðings-
maður í hugsun, vandur að
virðingu sinni, fastur í lund,
hreinskilinn og berorður, þeg-
ar því var að skipta, en hrein-
lundaður og frábærlega
tryggur vinur vina sinna. Um
það get ég borið eftir 36 ára
náin kynni, og verður mér nú
ofarlega í huga þakkarskuldin
við minn kæra og mikilsvirta
kennara og hollvin, og með
sama hug munu aðrir gamlir
nemendur og vinir minnast
hans.
Halldór Hermannsson ól
mestan aldur sinn utan Is-
landsstranda, en hann fylgd-
ist flestum betur með íslenzk-
um málum; unni landi sínu og
þjóð af heilum huga, var
metnaðargjarn fyrir þeirra
hönd og vildi veg þeirra sem
mestan. Ævistarfið mikla og
merka helgaði hann einnig
íslenzkum fræðum og mennt-
um, og þess vegna mun ís-
lcelancTs Case Tests Aims
Of Europe Economy Unity
ByJAN HASBROUCK
LONDON (Special - NYHT)
—The Icelandic fisheries
quarrel, which has shifted
once again to a war of words,
is a classic illustration of how
hard it is for nations to sacri-
fice the interests of a small
vocal minority for the over-
all needs of the new integra-
ted European community
everybody talks about.
The extension of Iceland’s
fishing boundaries is literally
a matter of national survival.
Although only about 20 per
cent of the 160,000 Icelanders
are directly employed in the
fisheries and related indus-
tries, fish and fish products
represent 97 per cent of the
island’s exports. Farming and
sheep herding enable the Ice-
landers to provide ail their
essential food except grain,
but everything else which
comes into the island has to
be paid for with fish.
It is therefore natural that
the Icelanders live in con-
stant fear that the fisheries
will be fished out. During the
war there was little fishing
and the bumper immediate
post-war catches provided
enough for all and proved
that a rest gives the fish a
chance to multiply.
But soon the catch per 100
hours of trawling began to
fall of f noticeably, and in
1952 the Icelanders moved the
line out to four miles, using
headland-to-headland b a s e
lines instead of the usual line
parallel to the coast.
At this move the British
trawler owners persuaded the
British government to forbid
the Icelanders to land fish in
England. However, this ban
was eventually dropped and
the improvement in catches,
inside and beyond the limit,
showed that the shallow
s p a w n i n g and nursing
grounds had benefitted.
New Methods
But European fish con-
sumption, which has doubled
in the past 20 years and now
is 58 per cent of meat con-
sumption, is still going up.
Several nations are building
huge trawlers equipped with
radar, echo-sounding, and
highly effective (and destruc-
tive) new types of trawls.
The Icelanders feel that these
trawlers would soon deplete
the fishing grounds from
which they must live.
As to the legal aspects of
their unilateral action, the
Icelanders point out that at
the Geneva Convention last
lenzka þjóðin lengi minnast
hans með virðingu og þökk
sem eins síns ágætasta sonar,
glæsilegs merkisbera hennar
og málsvara á erlendum vett-
vangi. —RICHARD BECK
spring on the law of the sea
a Canadian proposal to limit
territorial jurisdiction to six
miles, but extend fisheries
control to 12 miles, received a
majority vote. However, it
fell short of the two-thirds
necessary to make it part of
basic international law.
But they point out that
historically Iceland, until 1940
linked to Denmark, had a 16-
mile law for nearly 300 years,
and that many nations have
enforced 12-mile fishing
limits. There is nothing in the
law which says Iceland can
take the unilateral action.
On the other hand, there is
nothing which specifically
prevents it from following
many precedents.
Great Britain obtains half
its fish landings from distant
water trawlers — that is to
say trawlers which go beyond
the North Sea and Faroe Is-
lands. Of this amount, one-
half comes from Icelandic
waters.
The total catch in Icelandic
waters is worth $25,200,000, of
which $8,400,000 is caught in-
side the 12-mile limit.
Improve Calch
The Icelanders say that
Britain would not even lose
the whole of the latter sum,
for the improvement of con-
ditions on the breeding
grounds would substantially
improve catches outside the
12-mile limit.
But the basic Icelandic case
goes much further. They
claim that under the new con-
cept of rationalized produc-
tion throughout the area of
the Organization for Europ-
ean Economic Co-operation,
they should be allowed to
concentrate on the production
of fish.
They point out that the
$9,800,000 they spent last year
in England for manufactured
products and other imports,
and the $7,000,000 they spent
in Germany, could be sub-
stantially increased if they
were allowed to exploit their
fisheries alone.
Icelanders also point out
that they produce the best
fish, because, as the fisheries
are closer to the grounds, the
fish get to the freezers sooner.
And as frozen fish now is the
coming thing, there is no
problem of getting the fresh-
frozen products to the Europ-
ean market.
Thus, they claim, Europe
would get better fish cheaper
and could sell more to Iceland
if they would withdraw from
the Icelandic fisheries.
But here is a problem
which is typical of those
which make the economic
unification of Europe so diffi-
cult.
To the uninvolved reader
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