Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.1998, Page 123

NYTTINNAN VISINDI 1997
129
Jóannes Dalsgaard
Jóannes Dalsgaard, Fylking, PhD-thesis, Fróðskaparsetur Føroya 1996.
(Published by Fylking, ISBN 99918-3-029-4)
Jóannes Dalsgaard, Fylking, doktararitgerð, Fróðskaparsetur Føroya 1996.
Summary
The union, Enigheden, which changed its
name to Fylking in 1932, came into being
as a result of the social changes which
started in the Faroe Islands in the 19th cen-
tury and accelerated in what we call slupp-
tíðina (the days of the fishing smack).
These changes did not bring about eco-
nomic progress alone. They also caused so-
cial problems and a worsening of the stan-
dard of living of the ordinary worker. After
the outbreak of the First World War, condi-
tions became even worse. This prompted
those who suffered from these worsened
conditions to retaliate.
The most important events in connection
with this were the founding in 1915 of
Enigheden in Tvøroyri and in 1916 Havnar
Arbeidsmannafelag (Tórshavn Trade
Union).
A significant factor in the founding of
Enigheden in Tvøroyri was the fact that
men there had worked in other countries
and knew about trade unions. There were
also foreign tradesmen in Tvøroyri and
there is little doubt that they played a part
in encouraging the forming of a union.
At first there were no general agree-
ments between Enigheden and the employ-
ers, only wage agreements, which were
based on the principle that wages should
follow prices in Tvøroyri.
On the whole this principle appears to
Samandráttur
Fortreytirnar fyri stovnan Enighedens, sum
1. mars 1932 broytti navn til Fylking, vóru
tær samfelagsbroytingar, ið byrjaðu í 19.
øld og av álvara tóku dik á seg við tí skeiði,
ið vit vanliga nevna slupptíðina. Hesar
broytingar leiddu ikki bert til búskaparliga
framgongd. Tær elvdu eisini til sosialar
trupulleikar og til versnandi lívskor hjá
teimum, ið bert høvdu hendurnar at líta á.
Tá fyrri heimsbardagi byrjaði í 1914,
versnaðu lívskorini uppaftur meir, og
henda støða elvdi til móttiltøk frá nøkrum
teirra, ið komu illa fyri av teimum versn-
andi korunum.
Tær mest týðandi hendingarnar í hesum
høpi vóru, at í 1915 var Enigheden á Tvør-
oyri stovnað og í 1916 Havnar Arbeiðs-
mannafelag.
Ein týðandi fortreyt fyri stovnseting
Enighedens var tann, at á Tvøroyri vóru
menn, ið høvdu arbeitt uttanlands og kendu
til fakfelagsviðurskifti. Eisini vóru út-
lendskir handverkarar á staðnum, og tað er
tí lítil ivi um, at íblástur at stovna fakfelag
eisini er komin frá hesum monnum.
I byrjanini vóru eingir sáttmálar millum
Enigheden og arbeiðsgevararnar, men bert
lønaravtalur, ið bygđu á ta meginreglu, at
lønirnar skuldu fylgja prísgongdini á Tvør-
oyri.
Sum heild tykist tað, sum at hendan
meginregla hevur verið fylgd til umleið