Læknablaðið - maí 2020, Blaðsíða 15

LÆKNAblaðið 2020/106 239
R A N N S Ó K N
Hefðbundið hollt fæði dugar varla eitt og sér til að tryggja ráðlagða
dagsskammta D-vítamíns. Hvetja ætti til neyslu á D-vítamínrík-
um afurðum á borð við feitan fisk en yfir vetrarmánuðina þarf fólk
sennilega að taka inn fæðubótarefni sem innihalda að minnsta
kosti 4-800 alþjóðlegar einingar D-vítamíns á dag, samanber
ráðleggingar Embættis landlæknis um ráðlagða dagsskammta
D-vítamíns. Ennfremur mætti stuðla að aukinni útivist lands-
manna yfir sumartímann.
Þakkir
Rannsóknin var styrkt af Vísindasjóði Félags íslenskra heimilis-
lækna, Rannsóknarsjóði Íslands (Rannís) og Rannsóknarsjóði Há-
skóla Íslands.
1. Saggese G, Vierucci F, Boot AM, Czech-Kowalska J, Weber
G, Camargo CA Jr, et al. Vitamin D in childhood and ado-
lescence: an expert position statement. Eur J Pediatr 2015;
174: 565-76.
2. Lips P. The aeffect of vitamin D on bone and osteoporosis.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 25: 585-591.
3. DeLuca HF. Overview of general physiologic features and
functions of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80: 689S-96S.
4. Xiang W, Kong J, Chen S, Cao LP, Qiao G, Zheng W, et
al. Cardiac hypertrophy in vitamin D receptor knockout
mice: role of the systemic and cardiac renin-angiotensin
systems. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005; 288: E125-
32.
5. Saggese G, Vierucci F, Prodam F, Cardinale F, Cetin I,
Chiappini E, et al. Vitamin D in pediatric age: consensus
of the Italian Pediatric Society and the Italian Society of
Preventive and Social Pediatrics, jointly with the Italian
Federation of Pediatricians. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44: 51.
6. Klingberg E, Oleröd G, Konar J, Petzold M, Hammarsten
O. Seasonal variations in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D
levels in a Swedish cohort. Endocrine 2015; 49: 800-8.
7. Misra M, Pacaud D, Petryk A, Collett-Solberg PF, Kappy
M; Drug and Therapeutics Committee of the Lawson
Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society. Vitamin D defici-
ency in children and its management: review of current
knowledge and recommendations. Pediatrics 2008; 122:
398-417.
8. Hannesdóttir Þ, Hrafnkelsson H, Jóhannsson E,
Sigurðsson EL. Tengsl D-vítamíns og áhættuþátta hjarta-
og æðasjúkdóma meðal íslenskra barna. Læknablaðið
2017; 103: 367-71.
9. Zhang L, Wang S, Che X, Li X. Vitamin D and lung cancer
risk: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Cell
Physiol Biochem 2015; 36: 299-305.
10. Ekmekcioglu C, Haluza D, Kundi M. 25-Hydroxyvitamin
D Status and Risk for Colorectal Cancer and Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-
Analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Int J Environ Res
Public Health 2017; 14.
11. Kim Y, Je Y. Vitamin D intake, blood 25(OH)D levels,
and breast cancer risk or mortality: a meta-analysis. Br J
Cancer 2014; 110: 2772-84.
12. Manson JE, Cook NR, Lee IM, Christen W, Bassuk SS,
Mora S, et al. Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of
Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2019;
380: 33-44.
13. Bi WG, Nuyt AM, Weiler H, Leduc L, Santamaria C, Wei
SQ. Association Between Vitamin D Supplementation
During Pregnancy and Offspring Growth, Morbidity, and
Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA
Pediatr 2018; 172: 635-45.
14. Camargo CA Jr, Ingham T, Wickens K, Thadhani R, Silvers
KM, Epton MJ, et al. Cord-blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D
levels and risk of respiratory infection, wheezing, and
asthma. Pediatrics 2011; 127: e180-7.
15. Jolliffe DA, Greenberg L, Hooper RL, Griffiths CJ,
Camargo CA Jr, Kerley CP, et al. Vitamin D supplementa-
tion to prevent asthma exacerbations: a systematic review
and meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet
Respir Med 2017; 5: 881-90.
16. Gordon CM, DePeter KC, Feldman HA, Grace E, Emans
SJ. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Among Healthy
Adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004; 158: 531-7.
17. Heaney RP, Dowell MS, Hale CA, Bendich A. Calcium
absorption varies within the reference range for serum
25-hydroxyvitamin D. J Am Coll Nutr 2003; 22: 142-6.
18. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dietrich T, Orav EJ, Dawson-Hughes
B. Positive association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D
levels and bone mineral density: a population-based study
of younger and older adults. Am J Med 2004; 116: 634-9.
19. Steingrimsdottir L, Gunnarsson O, Indridason OS,
Franzson L, Sigurdsson G. Relationship Between Serum
Parathyroid Hormone Levels, Vitamin D Sufficiency, and
Calcium Intake. JAMA 2005; 294: 2336-41.
20. Cashman KD. Vitamin D in childhood and adolescence.
Postgrad Med J 2007; 83: 230-5.
21. Steingrimsdottir L, Halldorsson TI, Siggeirsdottir K, Cotch
MF, Einarsdottir BO, Eiriksdottir G, et al. Hip fractures
and bone mineral density in the elderly--importance of
serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. PLoS One 2014; 9: e91122.
22. Lv QB, Gao X, Liu X, Shao ZX, Xu QH, Tang L, et al. The
serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and hip fracture risk:
a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Oncotarget
2017; 8: 39849-58.
23. Gunnarsson Ö, Indriðason ÓS, Franzson L, Halldórsdóttir
E, Sigurðsson G. D-vítamínbúskapur fullorðinna Íslend-
inga. Læknablaðið 2004; 90: 29-36.
24. Bjarnadottir A, Kristjansdottir AG, Hrafnkelsson H,
Johannsson E, Magnusson KT, Thorsdottir I. Insufficient
autumn vitamin D intake and low vitamin D status in
7-year-old Icelandic children. Public Health Nutr 2015; 18:
208-17.
25. Hrafnkelsson, H, Magnusson KT, Thorsdottir I,
Johannsson E, Sigurdsson EL. Result of school-based
intervention on cardiovascular risk factors. Scand J Prim
Health Care 2014; 32: 149-55.
26. Rognvaldsdottir V, Gudmundsdottir SL, Brychta RJ,
Hrafnkelsdottir SM, Gestsdottir S, Arngrimsson SA, et
al. Sleep deficiency on school days in Icelandic youth, as
assessed by wrist accelerometry. Sleep Med 2017; 33: 103-
8.
27. Kristjansdottir AG, Johannsson E, Thorsdottir I. Effects of
a school-based intervention on adherence of 7-9-year-olds
to food-based dietary guidelines and intake of nutrients.
Public Health Nutr 2010; 13: 1151-61.
28. Saintonge S, Bang H, Gerber LM. Implications of a new
definition of vitamin D deficiency in a multiracial us
adolescent population: the National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey III. Pediatrics 2009; 123: 797-803.
29. Cashman KD, Dowling KG, Škrabáková Z, Gonzalez-
Gross M, Valtueña J, De Henauw S, et al. Vitamin D
deficiency in Europe: pandemic? Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 103:
1033-44.
30. Oberg J, Jorde R, Almås B, Emaus N4 Grimnes G. Vitamin
D deficiency and lifestyle risk factors in a Norwegian
adolescent population. Scand J Public Health 2014; 42:
593-602.
31. Thorisdottir B, Gunnarsdottir I, Steingrimsdottir L,
Palsson GI, Thorsdottir I. Vitamin D intake and status in
12-month-old infants at 63-66 degrees N. Nutrients 2014;
6: 1182-93.
32. Thorisdottir B, Gunnarsdottir I, Steingrimsdottir L,
Palsson GI, Birgisdottir BE, Thorsdottir I. Vitamin D
Intake and Status in 6-Year-Old Icelandic Children
Followed up from Infancy. Nutrients 2016; 8: 75.
33. Ozkan B, Doneray H, Karacan M, Vançelik S, Yildirim ZK,
Ozkan A, et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency rickets
in the eastern part of Turkey. Eur J Pediatr 2009; 168:
95-100.
34. Shinkov A, Borissova AM, Dakovska L, Vlahov J,
Kassabova L, Svinarov D, et al. Differences in the
prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and hip fractures in
nursing home residents and independently living elderly.
Arch Endocrinol Metab 2016; 60: 217-22.
35. Di Monaco M, Castiglioni C, Tappero R. Parathyroid
hormone response to severe vitamin D deficiency is
associated with femoral neck bone mineral density: an
observational study of 405 women with hip-fracture.
Hormones (Athens) 2016; 15: 527-33.
36. Cheng SP, Liu CL, Liu TP, Hsu YC, Lee JJ. Association
between parathyroid hormone levels and inflammatory
markers among US adults. Mediators Inflamm 2014;
709024.
37. Chen JS, Sambrook PN, March L, Cameron ID, Cumming
RG, Simpson JM, et al. Hypovitaminosis D and
parathyroid hormone response in the elderly: effects on
bone turnover and mortality. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008;
68: 290-8.
38. Kroll MH, Bi C, Garber CC, Kaufman HW, Liu D, Caston-
Balderrama A,
et al. Temporal Relationship between Vitamin D Status and
Parathyroid Hormone in the United States. PLOS ONE
2015; 10: e0118108.
39. Kristinsson JÖ, Valdimarsson O, Sigurdsson G, Franzson
L, Olafsson I, Steingrimsdottir L. Serum 25-hydroxy-
vitamin D levels and bone mineral density in 16–20 years-
-old girls: lack of association. J Int Med 1998; 243: 381-8.
40. Gudmundsdottir SL, Hrafnkelsson H, Sigurdsson EL,
Johannsson E. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations
in 16-year-old Icelandic adolescent and its association
with bone mineral density. Public Health Nutrition 2020;
19: 1-5.
41. Grant WB, Whiting SJ, Schwalfenberg GK, Genuis SJ,
Kimball SM. Estimated economic benefit of increasing
25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of Canadians to or
above 100 nmol/L. Dermatoendocrinol 2016; 8: e1248324.
Heimildir
Greinin barst til blaðsins 21. janúar, samþykkt til birtingar 14. apríl 2020.