Tímarit lögfræðinga


Tímarit lögfræðinga - 01.10.1989, Side 11

Tímarit lögfræðinga - 01.10.1989, Side 11
organized congressional meetings, colloquia as well as educational and training activities all over the world. d) The International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation. — The work done by the three Associations is completed by the International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation, actually under the chairmanship of Helge Rostad, Judge of the Supreme Court of Norway in Oslo. It is primarily active in the field of prison research and prison reform. Founded in 1950, when the activities of the International Penal and Penitentiary Commission, with its headquarters in Berne, were taken over by the General Secretariat of the United Nations, it has continued an important part of the reform activities accomplished by the former Commission since its foundation in 1876. e) The International Committee of Coordination. — These four organizations are usually called the “Big Four”, because they have consultative status “B” at the United Nations and exert considerable influence on the work of the Criminal Justice Branch of the United Nations in Vienna. The “Big Four” are united in the International Committee of Coordination, the Secretary-General of which is the Attorney General at the Court of Appeals in Milan, Adolfo Beria di Argentine. He has recently organized an international colloquium of the leading members of the “Big Four”. The topic was “Organized Crime and Terrorism”. This colloquium operated in preparation of one central subject to be treated by the next International Congress of the United Nations on the prevention of crime and the treatment of offenders. This will be held in 1990. The same subject, by the way, will be dealt with by a panel discussion at the already mentioned next Congress of the International Association of Penal Law in Vienna in October this year. 4. The crisis threatening criminal policy. — The world-wide en- thusiasm for and confidence in treatment-oriented criminal policy ended in the early 1960’s, that is both in continental Eourope and in the com- mon law countries. In Europe this crisis has been most powerfully felt in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. These are the countries that have held leading positions in the treatment and therapy-oriented movement. More than others they have been influenced in their legislation by demands for reform of this kind and are now more than others con- cerned by the international set-back. Since a quarter of a century, modern penitentiary and recidivist research has deeply shaken the belief that persistent criminals can be resocialized by means of suitable 153

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