Læknablaðið : fylgirit - 01.08.2003, Blaðsíða 69

POSTERS / 27TH NORDIC PSYCHIATRIC CONGRESS I
2002-March 2003. Six enterprises within private and public sectors
were included. At step one questionnaire was administered to 925
employees aged 18+. At step two a PSE interview was conducted
with selected respondents according to their scores on SCL-90-R
and CAGE. Two psychiatrists gave consensus diagnoses after an
independent assessment of the PSE ratings.
Results: 598 (65%) employees responded. SCL-90-R and CAGE
screening: 148 (25%) scored above GSI cut-off 1, 00 and/or sub-
scale cut-off 1,25 and/or above threshold on GAGE. 54 (37%) ac-
cepted PSE interview; so did 54 low score controls. Further results
from PSE scores correlated to SCL-90-R will be presented.
Condusions: The poster will comment on prevalence and methodo-
logy of study.
P - 34 Thursday 14/8,14:00-15:00
Psychosocial risk factors for musculoskeletal symptoms
among women working in geriatric care
Hólmfríður K. Gunnarsdóttir, Guðbjörg L. Rafnsdóttir, Berglind Helgadóttir, Krist-
inn Tómasson, MD, Dr. Med., Dept. of Research and Occupational Health, Admini-
stration for Occupational Health and Safety, Bfldshöfða 16.110 Reykjavík, Iceland
kristinn@ver.is
Background: The aim was to explore the extent of the association
between psychosocial work characteristics and musculoskeletal
symptoms among women working in geriatric care.
Methods: The participants were female employees of all geriatric
nursing homes and geriatric hospital wards in Iceland having a staff
of 10 or more. A total of 1886 questionnaires were distributed. The
response rate was 80%.
Results: Finding the job mentally difficult, mental exhaustion after
one’s shift, dissatisfaction with supervisors or the flow of informa-
tion, insufficient influence at work, dissatisfaction with the hier-
archy, intense time pressure, lack of solidarity, dissatisfaction with
the job, harassment, violence or threats at work; all of the afore-
mentioned gave crude odds ratios (OR) 2 or above for one or more
musculoskeltal symptoms. Mental exhaustion and harassment, vio-
lence, and threats were the factors connected with symptoms from
all the body regions studied.
Conclusions: The extent of the association of work-related psycho-
social factors and musculoskeletal symptoms among the geriatric
female nursing staff is substantial and needs to be taken into ac-
count by occupational health services and others involved in pre-
ventive work.
P - 35 Thursday 14/8,14:00-15:00
Predictors of receiving first ECT treatment: A nested
case-control study
T Munk-Olscn. Researcher, MSc, National Centre for Register-based Research,
Taasingegade 1, Aarhus Universitet, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. P Videbech, R
Rosenberg, PB Mortensen.
tmo@ncrr.dk
Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an established
treatment, which is most commonly used in the treatment of major
depression.
Aim: The aim was describe the characteristics of ECT treatments
and to identify predictors for receiving ECT for the first time.
Method: Tlie study was a register-based nested case control study.
The sample included 2,010 cases admitted and treated with ECT at
a large regional psychiatric hospital in Aarhus, Denmark between
1976 and 2000 and 148,284 individually time-matched controls.
Rcsults: The use of ECT declined between 1976 and 2000. For all
patients admitted during the study period 5.53% received ECT, and
18.86% of all patients with affective disorders were ECT recipients.
Preliminary results show that after adjusting for demographic vari-
ables, strong predictors for receiving first ECT treatment were
having a diagnosis within the diagnostic group: affective disorders
(including major depression, not including bipolar disorders), IRR:
18.75 (95% CI 15.83-22.21), an index admission lasting 181 days or
more, IRR: 15.50 (95% CI 12.91-18.60), and having no history of
previous admissions, IRR: 2.00 (95% CI 1.69-2.36).
Conclusion: Patients with affective disorders, patients with a long
duration of admissions and patients with no history of previous ad-
missions had an increased risk of receiving their first ECT treat-
ment.
P - 36 Thursday 14/8,14:00-15:00
Problem gambling among 16 to 18 year old college
students in lceland
Daníel Þór Olason Dr., Department of Psychology, University of Iceland, Odda,
Sturlugötu, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland. Karen Júlía Sigurðardóttir, Jakob Smári.
dto@hi.is
Background: Research findings in the United States, Canada, Eng-
land, and Australia suggest that the prevalence of problem gamb-
ling among adolescents is considerably higher (4,4%-7,4%) than
typically seen for adult populations (l%-2%).
Aims: This paper presents a first study on the rate of adolescenl
gambling in Iceland using two different screening measures specifi-
cally developed for adolescents; the SOGS-RA (Winters, Stinch-
field & Fulkerson, 1993) and the DSM-IV-MR-J (Fisher, 2000).
Method: Students from 12 colleges in Iceland were surveyed con-
cerning their gambling behaviour. Tlie final sample consisted of 750
students, 379 males and 371 females.
Results: About 96% of the students had gambled at least once
during their lifetime and 79% had gambled within the past 12
months. Gambling was more common among males (89%) than
females (71%) and the most popular gambling activities were
scratch-tickets, slot machines, and lotto. The DSM-IV-MR-J was
found to be a more conservative measure identifying 2% of the
students as problem/pathological gamblers while the SOGS-RA
identified 2.7% of the students as having serious gambling prob-
lems. Risk and problem gambler groups scored higher on an index
measuring gambling related cognitive distortions than those who
gamble without problems.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that problem gambling rates
among adolescents are lower in Iceland than reported internatio-
nally. The implications of these findings and the possible role of
cognitive distortions in the development and maintenance of prob-
lem gambling behaviour are discussed.
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