Læknablaðið : fylgirit - 01.08.2003, Page 9

ABSTRACTS / 27TH NORDIC PSYCHIATRIC CONGRESS I
Methods: Representative samples of 70-year olds were examined in
1971-72 (cohort 1, N=361), 1976-77 (cohort 2, N=386), 1992-93 (co-
hort 3, N=285 women) and 2000-01 (cohort 4, N=492). The
examinations were identical at each study year. The questions on
sexuality were part of a psychiatric interview.
Results: The attitude to sexual activity among married 70-year-olds
was positive in 77% in cohort 1, 83% in cohort 2, 97% in cohort 3
and 95% in cohort 4. The prevalence of sexually active 70-year-olds
among married men was 52% in cohort 1,53% in cohort 2 and 69%
in cohort 4, and among married women 38% in cohort 1, 37% in
cohort 2,52% in cohort 3 and 59% in cohort 4.
Conclusion: The study suggests that attiludes to sexual activity in
70-year-olds are more positive today than 30 years ago. In accor-
dance to this, the proportion of sexually active 70-year-olds has
increased in both sexes.
1X1 ~ 11 Wednesday 13/8,15:50-17:00
Pain experience in Alzheimer's disease: Nurses'
assessment and patients’ own evaluation
Erik JA Scherder. Prof. Dr., Department of Clinical Neuropsycholoey. Van der
Boechorststraat 1,1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Slaets, JBDeiien
tJA.Scherder@psy.vu.nl
Background: In previous studies caregivers over- or underesti-
mated the pain of cognitively impaired nursing home residents. So
fai within this line of research, no attempt has been made to diffe-
rentiate between the various types of dementia. It has been ob-
served, however, that within Alzheimer's Disease (AD) subgroups
of patients may experience less pain than non-demented elderly
whereas some patients with vascular dementia (VaD) might per-
ceive more pain than elderly without dementia. It is possible that
patients with e.g. VaD are better able to indicate that they are in
pain than patients with AD. Consequently, studies on nurses'
assessment of patients' pain should focus on a specific type of
dementia.
Aims: The primary goal of the present study was to examine the
’evel of agreement between the pain perception of the nursing
assistants (NAs) and that of nursing home residents, e.g. elderly
without dementia and patients with AD.
Method. Forty nursing home residents with arthrosis and/or osteo-
poiosis (20 with AD, 20 non-demented) and their personal NAs
participated in a cross-sectional case-control study. Pain experience
of the subjects and the NAs was assessed with the Coloured Ana-
logue Scale (CAS), the Faces Pain Scale (FPS) and the Checklist for
Nonverbal Pain Indicators (CNPI).
Results. The absolute difference in pain evaluation between the
nurses and the non- demented elderly was significantly smaller than
the difference in pain evaluation between the nurses and the AD
patients, bolh with respect to pain intensity and pain affect. More
specifically, the NAs overestimated the AD patients' pain.
Conclusion: The present results suggest that it was difficult for the
NAs to estimate the AD patients' extent of suffering from pain.
uture research is needed to establish whether such a discrepancy is
also observed in patients with other types of dementia, e.g. VaD.
W - Workshops
W- 1 Wednesday 13/8, 14:00-17:45
Cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety disorders
Lars-Guran Öst, Professor of Clinical Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
For each anxiety disorder — specific phobias, social phobia, panic
disorder with and without agoraphobia, generalised anxiety dis-
order, obsessive compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress dis-
order — the theoretical model used by cognitive behaviour thera-
pists to conceptualise the disorder, in particular the maintaining
factors, is described. Then follows a detailed and practical descrip-
tion of the treatment method that has the strongest evidence base
for that particular disorder. Finally, the short- and long-term effects
of CBT are described.
W - 2 Wednesday 13/8,14:00-17:45
Cognitive-behavioural approached to the understanding
and treatment of anxiety
Paul Salkuvskis, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, de Crespigny Park,
Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF
P. Salkovskis@iop. kcl. ac. uk
Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is now the first line treat-
ment for anxiety disorders, although high quality treatment is not
widely available. The present status of outcome research for anxiety
disorders is summarised, and some surprising features of the results
are identified and explained. It is suggested that CBT has now
progressed to its third generation because of advances in the
integration of theory, experimental investigations and clinical prac-
tice and trials. The cognitive behavioural approach to the under-
standing of anxiety disorders is characterised by an understanding
based on the idea that (i) the processes involved in the maintenance
of anxiety generalise across different anxiety disorders, and (ii) the
content of concerns is highly specific to the different types of
anxiety. This specificity of content, and the impact that this has on
maintenance factors, means that the detailed structure of CBT
varies considerably across disorders. The implications of these
developments for service delivery and the clinical management of
anxiety disorders are considered.
W - 3 Wednesday 13/8,14:00-17:45
The treatment of eating disorders
Janet Treasure, Professor, BSc, PhD, FRCP, FRCPsych, Dept. of Psychiatry, 5th Floor
Thomas Guy House, Guys Campus, London
j. tugwete@iop. kcl. ac. uk
Educational objectives: To introduce participants to the fundamen-
tal concepts and processes underlying eating disorders. To intro-
duce participants to a critical review of empirical research into
eating disorders. To introduce participants to current theory and
practice of clinical applications relevant to eating disorders.
Læknablaðið / FVLGIRIT 48 2003/89 9