Vinnumarkaður - 15.12.2002, Blaðsíða 150

148
Börn á heimili og þátttaka 25-54 ára á vinnumarkaði
5. Börn á heimili og þátttaka 25-54 ára á vinnumarkaði
5. Children in the household and labour market participation of25 to 54-year-olds
Yfirlit
I þessum hluta eru birtar töflur um karla og konur á aldrinum
25-54 ára. Atvinnuþátttaka þeirra og vinnutími er greindur
eftir aldri yngsta bams og fjölda barna á heimili. Helstu
niðurstöður eru eftirfarandi:
A árunum 1991-2002 hefur atvinnuþátttaka kvenna á
aldrinum 25-54 ára aukist jafnt og þétt, eða úr 83% árið
1991 í 88,3% árið 2002. Atvinnuþátttaka kvenna á þessum
aldri fer að nokkru leyti eftir fjölda barna á heimili og aldri
yngsta barns. Atvinnuþátttaka kvenna þar sem ekkert barn
er á heimili var 90,4% árið 2002 en 87,1% þar sem börn eru
á heimili. Atvinnuþátttaka karla á aldrinum 25-54 ára hefur
haldist nokkuð stöðug á sama tímabili, þ.e. 1991-2002.
Árið 1991 var atvinnuþátttaka karla 97% en árið 2002
96,6%. Atvinnuþátttaka karla virðist aukast eftir því sem
fleiri og yngri börn eru á heimilinu, öfugt við konurnar.
Atvinnuþátttaka karla með 2 börn eða fleiri á heimili og
yngsta barn 0-6 ára var 98,1% árið 2002 en 95,2% þar sem
ekkert bam er á heimili.
Synopsis
This chapter presents tables concerning men and women
aged 25-54. Their activity rate and working hours are
examined based on the age of the youngest child and the
number of children in their household. The main findings
are as follows:
Over the period 1991-2002, the activity rate of women
aged 25-54 has increased steadily, from 83% in 1991 to
88.3% in 2002. To some extent the activity rate of women
in this age group depends on the number of children in the
household and the age of the youngest child. The activity
rate of women in households with no children was 90.4% in
2002 but 87.1% in households with children. The activity
rate of men aged 25-54 remained fairly constant during the
same period (i.e. 1991-2002); their activity rate was 97% in
1991 and 96.6% in 2002. In contrast to women, men seem
to have an increased activity rate as the number of children
in the household increases and they are younger. The
activity rate of men with two or more children in the
household, where the youngest was aged 0-6 years, was
98.1% in 2002, but 95.2% if there were no children in the
household.
Mynd 5.1 Atvinnuþátttaka 25-54 ára eftir aldri yngsta barns 1991-2002
Figure 5.1 Population 25-54 years. Activity rates by age of youngest child 1991-2002
%
— Ekkert bam
No children
7-15 ára
years
0-6 ára
years
Fjöldi barna og aldur þeirra hefur áhrif á starfshlutfall
starfandi kvenna á aldrinum 25-54 ára. Þar sem ekkert barn
var á heimili á árinu 2002 var 28,7% kvenna í hlutastarfi
samanborið við 43,1% ef eitt eða fleiri börn voru á heimili.
Þá var hlutfall hlutastarfa hærra ef yngsta barn var yngra en
7 ára, svo og ef böm voru fleiri en eitt. Mjög fáir karlar á
aldrinum 25-54 ára em í hlutastarfi eða 6% árið 2002.
The number of children and their age has an impact on the
employment ratio of working women in the age group 25-
54 years. In 2002, 28.7% of the women in households with
no children were in part-time employment compared with
43.1% if there were one or more children in the household.
Moreover, the proportion of part-time jobs was higher if the
youngest child was younger than seven years old, and if
there was more than one child. Very few men aged 25-54
are in part-time employment, or only 6% in 2002.