Vinnumarkaður - 15.12.2002, Blaðsíða 211

Greinargerð um aðferðir og hugtök
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Námsmenn. Svarandi telst námsmaður ef hann er í skóla
innan hins almenna skólakerfis, á námssamningi eða í
starfsþjálfun í mánuðinum áður en könnunin var gerð eða er
í vinnu með námi.
Starfsaldur. Með starfsaldri er átt við tímann frá því að fólk
hefur störf í tilgreindu fyrirtæki fram til viðmiðunar-
mánaðar. Ef svarendur geta ekki gefið upp hvenær þeir hófu
störf er þeim reiknað gildi. Sé mánuður óþekktur er by rj unar-
mánuði úthlutað með hendingaraðferð skv. dreifingu gildra
svara eftir byrjunarmánuðum 1991-1994. Sé ár óþekkt er
byrjunarár reiknað með aðhvarfsgreiningu þar sem tekið er
tillit til aldurs, kyns og atvinnugreinar. Enginn er þó talinn
hafa byrjað starf fyrir 10 ára aldur.
Starfsstétt. Starf svarenda eða síðasta starf þeirra er flokkað
í samræmi við Islenska starfaflokkun, ISTARF 95 sem
byggð er á alþjóðastarfaflokkuninni, ISCO 88. Við flokkun-
ina eru notuð fjögur þrep flokkunarkerfisins en niður-
stöður birtar skv. fyrsta þrepi.
Starfshlutfall. Svarandi telst vera í fullu starfi ef hann
vinnur að jafnaði 35 klst. eða meira á viku. Hann telst vera
í hlutastarfi ef hann vinnur 1-34 klst. að jafnaði á viku.
Stéttarfélag. Með stéttarfélagi er átt við hagsmunafélag
launþega sem á sjálfstæða aðild að kjarasamningi í samræmi
við lög um stéttarfélög og vinnudeilur (nr. 80/1938) og lög
um kjarasamninga opinberra starfsmanna (nr. 94/1986).
Svarendur sjálfir eru látnir meta hvort þeir séu félagsmenn
í stéttarfélagi eða ekki og þá hvaða félagi. Ef þeir eru í fleiri
en einu stéttarfélagi er aðeins skráð það félag sem tengist
aðalstarfi þeirra.
Vinnutími. Við útreikning á vinnutíma í viðmiðunarviku er
aðeins reiknað með þeirn svarendum sem höfðu unnið 1
klst. eða fleiri í aðalstarfi eða aukastarfi. Nokkuð er um
brottfall í spurningum um vinnutíma. Þar sem brottfall í
classification at a lower ISCED level in 11.3% of instances,
but classification at a higher level in 1.0% of instances. The
educational level of rnales was classified lower than
previously in 17.9% of instances, compared with only 4.9%
of female instances.
Finally, it should be noted that figures for division by
educational attainment from 1996 onwards cannot be
compared with figures from 1991 to 1995. The reason lies
mainly in much more detailed questions starting in 1996.
Since then, for instance, a distinction has been drawn
among tradesman between journeymen and masters of
trade, the latter being classified at a level from a special
school, or ISCED level 5. Since men make up the vast
majority of those in the skilled trades, this change has a
greater impact on their classification according to education
than on that of women.
Students. A respondent is classified as a student if he or she
was attending a school belonging to the general school
system, was in an apprenticeship or in-service training in
the month before the survey occurred, or was working
along with being a student.
Length of service. Length of service refers to the time from
starting in a job at the respective firm until the reference
month. If respondents were unable to tell when they started
in the job, values are imputed for them. If the starting month
is missing, that month is assigned by a random approach,
according to the distribution of valid answers on starting
months in 1991-1994. If the year is unknown, the starting
year is computed by regression analysis in respect of age,
sex and economic activity. On the other hand, no one is
assumed to have begun working before the age of 10.
Occupation. The respondent’ s occupation or last occupation
is classified according to the international job classification
ISCO-88, as adapted to Icelandic conditions. Four levels of
the classification system are used for classifying, but results
are published according to the first level.
Percentage of full-time position. A person is accounted as
employed full-time if he or she usually works 35 or more
hours per week, but as employed part-time if he or she
usually works 1-34 hours per week.
Labour union. The term labour union is taken to mean an
organisation attending to the interests of employees and
entering as an independent body into labour contracts in
accordance with the Labour Union and Industrial Disputes
Act, No. 80/1938, and Act No. 94/1986 on the Pay Terms
Agreements of Public Employees. Respondents are allowed
to evaluate themselves whether they are labour union
members or not, as well as in what union. If they are in more
than one labour union, only the union which is connected
with their main job is recorded.
Working hours. Calculating the hours of work in the
reference week is only carried out for those respondents
who worked one hour or more in their main job or an extra
job. There is some nonresponse to the questions on working