Iðjuþjálfinn - 01.12.2000, Blaðsíða 13

Iðjuþjálfinn - 01.12.2000, Blaðsíða 13
Breytur: n M P xildi Iðjuþjálfar sem höfðu mesta reynslu af vinnu með öldruðum 25 47,28 Iðjuþjálfar sem höfðu mesta reynslu af vinnu með fullorðnum 34 43,65 0,033 Iðjuþjálfar sem unnu utan stofnana 22 47,32 Iðjuþjálfar sem unnu á endurhæfingarstöðvum 20 43,40 0,04 Iðjuþjálfar í umsjárhlutverki 24 46,75 Iðjuþjálfar ekki í umsjárhlutverki 25 43,60 0,046 3. tafla: Mismunandi hópar iðjuþjálfa Danmörk Annað land (n = 42) (n = 31) Forræði M (SF) M (SF) t gildi p gildi Velvildar 8,88 (2,86) 10,48 (3,62) -2,11 0,038 Dulið 7,48 (2,23) 9,23 (3,58) -2,56 0,012 Sterkt 8,57 (2,74) 10,23 (3,47) -2,28 0,026 í athöfnum daelegs lífs 17,83 (5,02) 20,58 (5,98) -2,13 0,037 Öll prófmarktæk við p < .05. 4. tafla: Marktækur munur á afstöðu iðjuþjálfa til foiTæðis eftir því hvort menntun er fengin í Danmörku eða öðru landi. Summary • Introduction: The increasing number and proportion of elderly and the increased incidence of chronic illness that accompanies old age has resulted in more health care needs of the elderly population. The occupational therapy profession has a tradition of respond- ing to the needs of society and supporting the vitality and independence of all individuals. The purpose of the study was to contribute information regarding autonomy and pater- nalism in caregiving of the elderly. It is as- sumed that occupational therapists with attitudes that support autonomy in caregiving of elderly parents will be more likely to support the autonomy of elderly clients and their families. This study is a part of a larger survey that have been conducted in U.S.A. and Australia, co-ordinated by Dr. Gail Ann Hills professor in Occupational Therapy in Florida International University. • Methods: In this study, a sample of seventy- four occupational therapists living in Iceland were surveyed regarding their attitudes and beliefs of autonomy and paternalism in relation to care of an elderly parent. Questionnaires originally made by V.G. Cicirelli in 1989, were translated and adjusted to Icelandic culture. Score means, means, standard deviations and percentages described the attitudes and beliefs of the occupational therapists toward autonomy and paternalism. T-test, one way ANOVA, and Chi-squares were used to see if significant differences existed between groups. • Results: Results indicated that the occupational therapists in Iceland agreed substantially more with autonomy (M = 112.24) than with paternalism (M = 62.03). Consultant autonomy, when the elder consults with another individual before he/she makes the decision, received the most support from the therapists. Significant differences were found between some subtypes of autonomy, paternalism and demographic variables. • Disctission: Older persons' feelings of com- petence and self-worth depend upon the enablement of active participation in self-care, leisure, and productive occupations valued by the elder. Age-related changes can limit older persons' occupational performance thus they may be dependent on family, community, health care providers and institutions. Autonomy of the elderly and an acknowledg- ment of older persons as individuals, and as a societal resource must be one of the priorities in future health care. It is assumed that occupational therapists in Iceland are qualified to assist with bringing about necessary changes in the Icelandic health care system of the future, including the needs of the elderly population to stay as autonomous and independent as they desire. Húfundur er iðjuþjálfi MS, lektor við Háskólann á Akureyri °9 starfar einnig á Reykjalundi Endurhæfingarmiöstöð

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