Læknablaðið - sep. 2019, Blaðsíða 24

384 LÆKNAblaðið 2019/105
R A N N S Ó K N
Aðalbjörg Albertsdóttir1
Árún K. Sigurðardóttir2,3
Björg Þorleifsdóttir4
Background: Sleep disturbances are common, underdiagnosed
and have negative consequences for people with multiple scler-
osis.
Objective: Gather information about the prevalence of poor sleep
quality and sleep disturbances in Icelanders with multiple scler-
osis.
Method: A cross-sectional self-report survey. Population:
Icelanders with multiple sclerosis. Sample: People with multiple
sclerosis, who were on the online mailing list or had access to
Facebook groups of the Multiple-Sclerosis-Society in Iceland. An
electronic link with background questions and 4 questionnaires
was available to participants. Questionnaires: The Pittsburgh-
Sleep-Quality-Index (PSQI), the Insomnia-Severity-Index, the
STOP-Bang-questionnaire and 5 diagnostic criteria for restless
legs syndrome. Questionnaires were used to screen for poor
sleep quality, and 7 different factors that can cause disturbed
sleep. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 25.
Results: Almost 40% of Icelanders with multiple sclerosis
participated or 234 persons. Mean age was 47 years (range
20-92) and 77% were female. The prevalence of poor sleep quality
(PSQI>5), was 68%. The factors that most often caused distur-
bed sleep were; bathroom breaks (39%), pain (37%), insomnia
symptoms (30%) and sleep apnea symptoms (24%). Majority of
participants or 79% had at least one sleep disturbance and on
average they had close to two. Insomnia symptoms were strongly
related to poor sleep quality.
Conclusion: High prevalence of poor sleep quality and sleep
disturbances in people with multiple sclerosis needs to be
addressed. PSQI can be used to screen for poor sleep quality and
to assess whether further sleep evaluation is needed. Screening,
diagnosis and treatment of insomnia should be implemented.
Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Sleep Disturbances
in Icelanders with Multiple Sclerosis
ENGLISH SUMMARY
1Reykjalundur rehabilitation center, Mosfellsbaer Iceland, 2University of Akureyri, Akureyri Iceland, 3Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, Iceland, 4Department of Physiology,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland.
Key words: Multiple sclerosis, sleep quality, sleep disturbances, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, insomnia.
Correspondence: Aðalbjörg Albertsdóttir, adalbjorg.alberts@reykjalundur.is
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Heimildir
Barst til blaðsins 2. apríl 2019, samþykkt til birtingar 7. ágúst 2019.