Tímarit lögfræðinga


Tímarit lögfræðinga - 01.12.2004, Page 51

Tímarit lögfræðinga - 01.12.2004, Page 51
18(1) í Rómarsáttmálanum tryggir nú ákveðinn rétt sem tengist með beinum hætti ESB ríkisborgararétti:46 Every citizen of the Union shall have the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States, subject to the limitations and conditions laid down in this treaty and by the measures adopted to give it effect. Þetta er töluverð víkkun á meginreglunni um frjálsa för fólks af efnahags- legum ástæðum.47 Þessi réttur er þó ekki ótakmarkaður og til að verða ekki baggi á gistiríkinu verða þeir sem ekki eru á vinnumarkaðinum að geta sýnt fram á framfærslu sína og tryggingar. í ljósi þessa nýja lagagrundvallar hefur ný tilskipun verið sett um rétt ESB ríkisborgara og fjölskyldna þeirra til frjálsrar farar og búsetu innan aðildarríkja sambandsins 48 Tilskipuninni sem byggir á almennu banni við mismunun, þar á meðal á grundvelli kynhneigðar,49 er meðal annars ætlað að tryggja samheldni fjölskyldna eða eins og segir í greinargerð Ráðsins með frumvarpi til tilskip- unarinnar: While it is true that the right of movement and residence of family members of Union citizens is not explicitly referred to by the Treaty, the right does flow from the right to preserve family unity, which is intrinsically connected with the right to the protection of family life, a fundamental right forming part of the common constitutional traditions of the Member States, which are protected by Community law and incorporated in the Charter on Fundamental Rights of the European Union.50 Skilgreining á hugtakinu „fjölskyldumeðlimur“ (e. family member) í tilskip- uninni skiptir höfuðmáli fyrir samkynhneigð pör, nýti þau rétt sinn til frjálsrar farar og búsetu samkvæmt henni. Skilgreininguna er að finna í grein 2(2) og er hún svohljóðandi: „family“ member means: (b) the partner with whom the Union citizen has contracted a registered partnership, on the basis of the legislation of a Member State, if the legislation of the host Member State treats registered partnerships as equivalent to marriage and in accordance with the conditions laid down in the relevant legislation of the host Member State; 46 Áður 8(a) gr. Maastrichtsáttmálans. 47 Sem byggist á 39. gr. Rómarsáttmálans. 48 Directive 2004/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States, frá 29. apríl 2004. 49 Samkvæmt 31. mgr. formála tilskipunarinnar. 50 Sjá skjal COM (2001) 257, mgr. 2.4. 509
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