Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði - 01.01.1991, Blaðsíða 126

124
Kjartan G. Ottósson
HEIMILDIR
Bjöm K. Þórólfsson. 1925. Um íslenskar orðmyndir á 14. og 15. öld og breytingar
þeirra úr fommálinu. Reykjavík. [Endurútgefin (ljóspr.) af Málvísindastofnun
Háskóla íslands, Reykjavík, 1987.]
Bybee, Joan L. 1985. Morphology. Typological Studies in Language 9. John Benja-
mins, Amsterdam.
Chomsky, Noam. 1986. Knowledge ofLanguage. Praeger, New York.
Coseriu, Eugenio. 1967. Sistema, norma y habla. Teoría del lenguaje y linguística
general, 2. útg., bls. 11-113. Biblioteca románica hispánica. Gredos, Madrid.
[Fyrst útg. 1952.]
Kjartan G. Ottósson. 1983. Talva, valva, og wön-stofnar. íslenskt mál og almenn
málfrœSi 5:178-183.
—. 1986. Mörk orðmyndunar og beygingar: Miðmynd í nútímaíslensku. íslenskt mál
og almenn málfrœði 8:63-119.
—. 1987. An archaising aspect of Icelandic purism: the revival of extinct morphological
pattems. The Nordic Languages and Modern Linguistics 6, bls. 311—324. Helsinki.
—. 1988. Den islandska sprákhistoriens primarkallor och deras anvándning. Jan Svens-
son (ritstj.): Nordistiken som vetenskap, bls. 120-155. Studentlitteratur, Lund.
—. 1990. fslensk málhreinsun. Sögulegt yfirlit. Rit íslenskrar málnefndar 6. Reykjavík-
—. í undirbúningi. The Icelandic Middle Voice: The Morphological and Phonological
Development.
Stefán Karlsson 1978. Om norvagismer i islandske hándskrifter. Maal og minne
1978:87-101.
—. 1979. Islandsk bogeksport til Norge i middelalderen. Maal og minne 1979:1-17-
Wurzel, Wolfgang U. 1984. Flexionsmorphologie und Natiirlichkeit. Studia gramnia-
tica 8. Akademie-Verlag, Berlín.
SUMMARY
In this paper some of the major results of the author’s dissertation on the morpho-
logical and phonological development of the Icelandic middle voice are summarised.
One of the two problems discussed here is the development of the first person singulaf.
where forms identical to the third person forms (e.g. gerist) supplant older forms with -
umst (e.g. gerumst) or (later) -unst. This change takes place from the late 15th to the mid
18th century. The occurrence of new forms in 14th century texts is a Norwegianism,
concentrated to certain types of texts, and without grammatical patteming. Although
the first person singular middle forms deviate from the general typological propertics
of the verb inflection, the change seems propelled by a more general shift in the internal
relations of persons. However, the degree of deviation from the typological propertics
influences the rate of change in individual categories of the first person singular. The
other problem discussed here is the development of the first person plural forms, where
spontaneous change adds -ustum and - unstum to the set of older cndings -unst ant*
-ust in the early 17th century. The suffixation of -um following the middle -st g0^