Vinnumarkaður - 15.12.2002, Side 208

Vinnumarkaður - 15.12.2002, Side 208
206 Greinargerð um aðferðir og hugtök Lítil vinna. Vinni svarandi minna en 40 klst. í viðmiðunar- viku og jafnframt minna en hann gerir að jafnaði vegna verkefnaskorts, vinnudeilu eða atvinnuley sis hluta vikunnar, en er jafnframt að leita sér að annarri vinnu eða aukastarfi, telst hann vera vinnulítill. Ef svarandi er í hlutastarfi en æskir þess að vera í fullu starfi og heildarvinnutími hans í viðmiðunarvikunni að meðtöldum aukastörfum er undir 40 klst. telst hann einnig vinnulítill. Menntun. I vinnumarkaðskönnunum Hagstofunnar er spurt um hæstu prófgráðu þátttakenda. Svörin eru flokkuð í samræmi við menntunarflokka ISCED, Alþjóðlegu mennt- unarflokkunarinnar. Grunnmenntun samsvarar flokkum 1 og 2, starfs- og framhaldsskólamenntun svarar til flokks 3, sérskólamenntun svarar til flokks 5 og háskólamenntun samsvarar flokkum 6 og 7. I vinnumarkaðskönnunum er ennfremur gert ráð fyrir að iðnmenntun og styttri starfsmenntun ásamt almennri menntun í framhaldsskóla teljist til flokks 3 en starfsmenntun úr svokölluðum sérskólum, s.s. Fósturskóla, Iþróttakennara- skóla, Stýrimannaskóla, Myndlista- og handíðaskóla, teljist til flokks 5. Endurskoðun menntunarflokkunar A árinu 1999 endurskoðaði Hagstofa fslands reglur um flokkun menntunar (ISCED 75) til þess að þær féllu betur að alþjóðlegum vinnureglum. Þær verða notaðar þar til ný alþjóðleg flokkun (ISCED 97) verður tekin í notkun hérlendis. Önnur útgáfa reglnanna er að miklu leyti byggð á fyrri útgáfu. Hér verður getið tveggja breytinga sem helst hafa áhrif á flokkun menntunar í þessari skýrslu miðað við fyrri skýrslur. 1. Menntun sem hefst eftir að skólaskyldu er lokið telst ekki vera á ISCED stigi 3 nema lengd þess nemi a.m.k. einu skólaári, þ.e. fullum tveimur önnum í almenna skólakerfinu. Þetta veldur því að menntun sem áður var talin á þriðja stigi, einkum meirapróf atvinnubílstjóra, 30 rúmlesta réttindapróf skipstjómarmanna, þunga- vinnuvélapróf, fyrsta stig vélskóla, einnar annar nám úr ritara- og skrifstofuskólum og einnar annar nám úr hús- stjórnarskólum telst nú á öðru stigi. 2. Þriðja stig skipstjómar telst nú á ISCED-stigi 3 en var áður flokkað á stigi 5. Að lokinni endurskoðun ISCED-flokkunarkerfisins vom upplýsingar um menntunarstöðu svarenda í vinnumarkaðs- könnunum endurflokkaðar. Ekki þótti fært að endurflokka gögn eldri en frá 1996 en frá og með því ári var aflað ítarlegri upplýsinga um menntun en áður hafði verið gert. Við endurflokkunina vom reglurnar útfærðar nánar með sérstöku flokkunarkerfi og vinnureglum við kótun menntunarupplýsinga: Underemployment. If a respondent worked less than 40 hours in the reference week and at the same time less than that person usually did on account of a shortage of assignments, labour disputes or unemployment part of the week, while also seeking a new job or an extrajob, he or she is considered underemployed. A person is also classified as underemployed if he or she had a part-time job but wanted to have a full-time job and his or her total working hours in the reference week. counting extra jobs, were under 40 hours. Education. The Statistics Iceland labour force surveys inquire about the respondent’s highest educational degree, classifying the answers according to the educational categories of the Intemational Standard Classification of Education (ISCED). Compulsory education corresponds to categories 1 and 2, while vocational education and upper secondary school education correspond to category 3, education in special schools to category 5, and university education to categories 6 and 7. The LFS also presumes that industrial training and shorter vocational education along with general upper secondary school education is to be assessed in category 3, whereas vocational education in what are termed special schools, such as the College for Preschool Teachers, College of Navigation and College of Arts and Crafts, is placed in category 5. Revision of the Icelandic Classiflcation of Educational Attainment In 1999 Statistics Iceland revised the rules on classifying education (ISCED 75) in order to bring them into closer harmony with international procedures. These rules will be employed until a new international classification (ISCED 97) is adopted in Iceland. The second version of the Icelandic rules is in many respects based on the first one. Below is a discussion of the two changes primarily affecting the classification of education in this report in comparison to earlier ones: 1. Education that begins after the completion of compulsory education is not classified at the third level of ISCED unless its duration is at least one full school year, i.e. two full terms in the regular school system. This results in schooling previously classified at ISCED level 3 now being assigned to level 2, in particular licensing programmes for professional drivers, programmes providing certificates for ship’ s officers to handle vessels up to 30 GRT, licensing programmes for operators of heavy machinery, the first grade for engineers, one- term secretarial and clerical programmes and one-term home economics programmes. 2. Grade 3 for ship’s officers is now classified at ISCED level 3, whereas it was previously classified at level 5. When revision of the ISCED classification system was completed, data on the educational status of respondents in labour force surveys were reclassified. It did not appear feasible to reclassify data from before 1996, but starting with that year more detailed information was obtained on education than had previously been done. During reclassification the rules were explained more precisely through a special classification scheme and procedures for coding educational data:
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