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Ukioqatigiit

Læknablaðið - 01.10.2017, Qupperneq 20

Læknablaðið - 01.10.2017, Qupperneq 20
420 LÆKNAblaðið 2017/103 R A N N S Ó K N Heimildir 1. Aspelund T, Gudnason V, Magnusdottir BT, Andersen K, Sigurdsson G, Thorsson B, et al. Analysing the Large Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in the Icelandic Population Aged 25-74 between the Years 1981 and 2006. PLoS One. 2010;5(11):e13957. 2. Thorolfsdottir RB, Aspelund T, Capewell S, Critchley J, Gudnason V, Andersen K. Population assessment of fut- ure trajectories in coronary heart disease mortality. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):1–8. 3. Andersen K, Johannesdottir BK, Kristjansson JM, Gudnason T. Decreasing case fatality in myocardial infarction is explained by improved medical treatment. Acta Cardiol. 2011;66(1):39–49. 4. Sigfusson N, Sigurdsson G, Agnarsson U, Gudmundsdottir II, Stefansdottir I, Sigvaldason H, et al. Declining Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in Iceland: Contribution by Incidence, Recurrence and Case Fatality Rate. Scand Cardiovasc J. 2002;36(6):337–41. 5. Sigfusson N, Sigurdsson G, Agnarsson U, Gudmundsdottir II, Stefansdottir I, Sigvaldason H, et al. Breytingar á tíðni kransæðasjúkdóma á Íslandi. Læknablaðið. 2001;87(11):889–96. 6. Andersen K, Gudnason V. Langvinnir sjúkdómar: heims- faraldur 21. aldar. Læknablaðið. 2012;98(11):591–5. 7. Sigfusson N, Sigvaldason H, Steingrimsdottir L, Gudmundsdottir II, Stefansdottir I, Thorsteinsson T, et al. Decline in ischaemic heart disease in Iceland and change in risk factor levels. BMJ. 1991;302(6789):1371-5. 8. Bjornsson G, Bjornsson OJ, Davidsson D, Kristjansson BTh, Olafsson O, Sigfusson N, et al. Report abc XXIV. Health survey in the Reykjavik area—women. Stages I–III, 1968–1969, 1971–1972 and 1976–1978. Participants, invitation, response etc. The Icelandic Heart Association, Reykjavik, Iceland 1982. 9. Bjornsson OJ, Davidsson D, Olafsson H, Olafsson O, Sigfusson N, Thorsteinsson Th. Report XVIII. Health survey in the Reykjavik area—men. Stages I–III, 1967– 1968, 1970–1971 and 1974–1975. Participants, invitation, response etc. The Icelandic Heart Association, Reykjavik, Iceland 1979. 10. Harris T, Launer LJ, Eiriksdottir G, Kjartansson O, Jonsson PV, Sigurdsson G, et al. Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study: multidisciplinary applied phenomics. Am J Epidemiol 2007;165(9):1076-87 11. Sturlaugsdottir R, Aspelund T, Bjornsdottir G, Sigurdsson S, Thorsson B, Eiriksdottir G, et al. Prevalence and determ- inants of carotid plaque in the cross-sectional REFINE- Reykjavik study. BMJ open. 2016;6(11):e012457 12. Mogensen BA, Bjornsson HM, Thorgeirsson G, Haraldsson GE, Mogensen B. Árangur endurlífgunartil- rauna utan spítala á Reykjavíkursvæðinu árin 2004-2007. Læknablaðið. 2015;101(3):137-41. 13. www.healthdata.org - júní 2017. 14. Ainsworth JD, Carruthers E, Couch P, Green N, O’Flaherty M, Sperrin M, et al. IMPACT: A generic tool for modelling and simulating public health policy. Methods Inf Med. 2011;50(5):454–63. 15. Ford ES, Capewell S. Proportion of the Decline in Cardiovascular Mortality Disease due to Prevention Versus Treatment: Public Health Versus Clinical Care. Annu Rev Public Health. 2011;32(1):5–22. 16. Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet. 1988;2(8607):349–60. 17. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364(9438):937–52. 18. The Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy (AIRE) Study Investigators. Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarct- ion with clinical evidence of heart failure. Lancet. 1993;342(8875):821–8. 19. Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA, Basta L, Brown EJ, Cuddy TE, et al. Effect of Captopril on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. The SAVE Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(10):669–77. 20. Navarese EP, Gurbel PA, Andreotti F, Tantry U, Jeong Y-H, Kozinski M, et al. Optimal Timing of Coronary Invasive Strategy in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Meta- analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(4):261–70. 21. The RISC Group. Risk of myocardial infarction and death during treatment with low dose aspirin and intravenous heparin in men with unstable coronary artery disease. Lancet. 1990;336(8719):827–30. 22. Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, Wedel H, Waagstein F, Kjekshus J, et al. Effects of Controlled- Release Metoprolol on Total Mortality, Hospitalizations, and Well-being in Patients With Heart Failure: the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). MERIT-HF Study Group. JAMA. 2000;283(10):1295–302. 23. Bangalore S, Pursnani S, Kumar S, Bagos PG. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Optimal Medical Therapy for Prevention of Spontaneous Myocardial Infarction in Subjects With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease. Circulation. 2013;127(7):769–81. 24. Bangalore S, Steg G, Deedwania P, Crowley K, Eagle KA, Goto S, et al. Beta-Blocker Use and Clinical Outcomes in Stable Outpatients With and Without Coronary Artery Disease. JAMA. 2012;308(13):1340–9. 25. Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet. 1994;344(8934):1383–9. 26. Wallentin LC. Aspirin (75 mg/day) after an episode of unstable coronary artery disease: long-term effects on the risk for myocardial infarction, occurrence of severe ang- ina and the need for revascularization. Research Group on Instability in Coronary Artery Disease in Southeast Sweden. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991;18(7):1587–93. 27. Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Abreu-Gonzalez P, Reiter R. Cardioprotection and pharmacological therapies in acute myocardial infarction: Challenges in the current era. World J Cardiol. 2014;6(3):100–6. 28. Schelbert EB, Cao JJ, Sigurdsson S, Aspelund T, Kellman P, Aletras AH, et al. Prevalence and Prognosis of Unrecognized Myocardial Infarction Determined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Older Adults. JAMA. 2012;308(9):890–6. 29 Steingrimsdottir L, Valgeirsdottir H, Halldorsson T, Gunnarsdottir I, Gisladottir E, et al. Kannanir á matar- æði og næringargildi fæðunnar á Íslandi. Læknablaðið. 2014;100(12):659–64. 30. Nordic Council of Ministers. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012: Integrating nutrition and physical activity. 5th ed. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012, Denmark 2014. 31. Embætti Landlæknis. Ráðleggingar um mataræði fyrir fullorðna og börn frá tveggja ára aldri. Embætti Landlæknis, Reykjavik 2016. 32. Matthiessen J, Andersen L, Barbieri H, Borodulin K, Knudsen V, Korup K, et al. The Nordic Monitoring System 2011–2014: Status and development of diet, physical acti- vity, smoking, alcohol and overweight. Nordic Council of Ministers, Denmark 2016. 33. Thorsson B, Steingrimsdottir L, Halldorsdottir S, Andersen K, Sigurdsson G, Aspelund T, et al. Changes in total cholesterol levels in Western societies are not related to statin, but rather dietary factors: the example of the Icelandic population. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(24):1778–82. 34. Jonsdottir L, Jensson V. Þróun tóbaksneyslu á Íslandi. Embætti landlæknis, Reykjavik 2016. 35. Sigfusson N, Sigurdsson G, Sigvaldason H, Gudnason V. Breytingar á reykingavenjum miðaldra og eldri Íslendinga síðastliðin þrjátíu ár og ástæður þeirra. Niðurstöður úr hóprannsóknum Hjartaverndar. Læknablaðið. 2003;89(6):489–98. 36. Sigfusson N, Sigurdsson G, Aspelund T, Gudnason V. Skaðleg áhrif reykinga á heilsufar hafa verið verulega van- metin - Niðurstöður úr hóprannsóknum Hjartaverndar. Læknablaðið. 2006;92(4):263–9. 37. Farber H, Walley S, Groner J, Nelson K. Clinical Practice Policy to Protect Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke. Pediatrics. 2015;136(5):1008–17. 38. Dinakar C, O’Connor GT. The Health Effects of Electronic Cigarettes. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(14):1372–81. 39. Beaglehole R, Bonita R, Yach D, Mackay J, Reddy KS. A tobacco-free world: a call to action to phase out the sale of tobacco products by 2040. Lancet. 2015;385(9972):1011–8. 40. Chobanian A, Bakris G, Black H, Cushman W, Green L, Izzo JLJ, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure.The JNC 7 Report. JAMA. 2003;289(19):2560-72. 41. Mozaffarian D, Fahimi S, Singh GM, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Engell RE, et al. Global Sodium Consumption and Death from Cardiovascular Causes. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):624–34. 42. Powles J, Fahimi S, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Shi P, Ezzati M, et al. Global, regional and national sodium intakes in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis of 24 h urinary sodi- um excretion and dietary surveys worldwide. BMJ Open. 2013;3(12):e003733. 43. Gudnason V, Sigfusson N, Sigurdsson G. Læknablaðið 100 ára. Rannsóknarstöð Hjartaverndar, fortíð og nútíð. Læknablaðið. 2014;100(9):456–64. 44. Kotseva K, De Bacquer D, De Backer G, Ryden L, Jennings C, Gyberg V, et al. Lifestyle and risk factor management in people at high risk of cardiovascular disease. A report from the European Society of Cardiology European Action on Secondary and Primary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) IV cross-sectional survey in 14 European regions. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016;23(18):2007–18. 45. Masters R, Anwar E, Collins B, Cookson R, Capewell S. 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Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2017 Aug 29, 51. Andersen K, Gudnason V. Stefnumörkun í heilbrigðismál- um: leiðin til lýðheilsu. Læknablaðið. 2013;99(3):129–34. 52. Danielsen R, Thorgeirsson G, Einarsson H, Olafsson O, Aspelund T, Harris TB, et al. Prevalence of heart failure in the elderly and future projections: the AGES-Reykjavik study. Scand Cardiovasc J. 2017;51(4):183–9. 53. Sturlaugsdottir R, Aspelund T, Bjornsdottir G, Sigurdsson S, Thorsson B, Eiriksdottir G, et al. Prevalence and determ- inants of carotid plaque in the cross-sectional REFINE- Reykjavik study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(11):e012457. 54. Rasmussen LB, Andersen LF, Borodulin K, Barbieri HE, Fagt S, Matthiessen J, et al. Nordic monitoring of diet, physical activity and overweight. Nordic Council of Ministers, Denmark 2012. 55. Rose G. Sick individuals and sick populations. Int J Epidemiol. 2001;30(3):427-32. Pakkningar: Lyfjaform og styrkur, pakkningastærð Forðatöflur 4 mg 28 stk Forðatöflur 4 mg 84 stk Forðatöflur 8 mg 28 stk Forðatöflur 8 mg 84 stk fesoterodin fumarat Með Toviaz® 4 mg og Toviaz® 8 mg borið saman við lyfleysu í viku 12 ** Með Toviaz® 8 mg borið saman við lyfleysu og tolterodin ER 4 mg í viku 12 *** Færri salernisferðir með Toviaz® 8 mg en með lyfleysu **** Meðferð með Toviaz® 8 mg dró marktækt úr fjölda tilvika bráðaþvagleka í viku 12 borið saman við tolterodin ER 4mg (p= 0,017) og lyfleysu (p<0,001) 1. Toviaz SmPC 3. ágúst 2016 2. Chapple C. et al. BJU Int. 2014;114:418-26. 3. Kaplan S.A. et al. BJU Int. 2010;107: 1432-1440. 4. Chapple C. et al. Eur Urol. 2007;52(4):1204-12. 5. Herschorn S. et al. BJU Int. 2010;105(1):58-66. Þegar manni er mál, þá er manni mál! Fleiri sjúklingar haldast „þurrir“ 5**** 2 af hverjum 3 Minnkuð tíðni bráðaþvagleka2* -80% Minnkuð tíðni bráðrar þvaglátaþarfar3** -45.5% -18.6% Toviaz ® (fesoterodine) Meðferð við einkennum [aukinni tíðni þvagláta og/eða bráðri þvaglátaþörf og/eða bráðaþvagleka] sem geta komið fram hjá fullorðnum sjúklingum með ofvirka þvagblöðru. P P 1 7 0 5 0 1 Minnkuð tíðni þvagláta4*** Skyndileg bráð þvaglátaþörf og bráðaþvagleki eru algengustu einkenni ofvirkrar þvagblöðru. Með Toviaz® 4 og 8mg er hægt að draga marktækt úr einkennum, borið saman við lyfleysu.2,3 Verð er hægt að sjá á www.lgn.is Greiðsluþátttaka: Já. Stjörnumerktur texti (*) er umskrifaður og/eða styttur úr upplýsingum um lyfið, sem samþykktar voru af EMA 3. ágúst 2016. Upplýsingar um lyfið er að finna á www.serlyfjaskra.is, auk þess sem hægt er að fá hann hjá umboðsaðila Pfizer, Icepharma hf Icepharma . Lyngháls 13 . 110 Reykjavík . S: 540-8000 . www.icepharma.is Stytt samantekt á eiginleikum lyfs fyrir Toviaz® (fesoterodine) TOVIAZ 4 mg og 8 mg forðatöflur. Innihaldslýsing: Hver forðatafla inniheldur fesóteródín fumarat 4 mg, sem samsvarar 3,1 mg af fesóteródíni, eða fesóteródín fumarat 8 mg, sem samsvarar 6,2 mg af fesóteródíni. Ábendingar: TOVIAZ er ætlað til meðferðar hjá fullorðnum á einkennum (aukin tíðni þvagláta og/eða bráð þörf fyrir þvaglát og/eða bráðaþvagleki) sem fram geta komið hjá sjúklingum með ofvirka þvagblöðru (overactive bladder syndrome). Frábendingar: Ofnæmi fyrir virka efninu eða fyrir jarðhnetum eða soja eða einhverju hjálparefnanna. Þvagteppa. Magateppa. Ómeðhöndluð (uncontrolled) þrönghornsgláka. Vöðvaslensfár. Alvarlega skert lifrarstarfsemi (Child Pugh flokkur C). Samhliðanotkun öflugra CYP3A4 hemla hjá sjúklingum með meðal til alvarlega skerðingu á nýrna- eða lifrarstarfsemi. Alvarleg sáraristilbólga. Eitrunarrisaristill (toxic megacolon). Upplýsingar um aukaverkanir, milliverkanir, varnaðarorð og önnur mikilvæg atriði má nálgast í sérlyfjaskrá - www.serlyfjaskra.is. Dags. síðustu samþykktar SmPC sem þessi stytti texti byggir á: 3. ágúst 2016. Markaðsleyfishafi: Pfizer Limited. Fyrir frekari upplýsingar um lyfið má hafa samband við Icepharma hf. Lynghálsi 13, s. 540 8000. Dregur úr einkennum ofvirkrar þvagblöðru 1 1
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