Fróðskaparrit - 01.07.2004, Page 142

Fróðskaparrit - 01.07.2004, Page 142
140 NEWS AND PROGRESS 2004 arnar. Granskingarhátturin í ritgerðini er at lesa tekstimar sum leivdir um hugsunarhátt og virði hjá teimum, sum framleiða kunn- leika um heilsuviðurskiftini, heldur enn sum bara frásagnir um støðuna í Føroyum. Hugburður teirra til at tað almenna tekur størri ábyrgd av fólkaheilsuni og teirra hugsan um tjóðskaparspurningin eru nøkur av teimum málum, sum verða lýst. Søguliga gongdin lýsir spenningar í tí heilsupolitiska systeminum, sum serliga taka seg upp í umskiftistíðum: skiftið frá einaveldi til fólkaræðið, skiftið frá einum lækna í Havn til at fjøldin skuldi hava atgongu til lækna, skiftið til nýggjar av- bjóðingar sum fylgdu við kunnleika um bakteriur og vitaminur. Ritgerðin vísir m.a. at í tíðini millum tey bæði stóru evropeisku kríggini í 20. øld vóru høvuðssjónarmiðini í heilsupolitiska orðaskiftinum her, sum í grannalondunum, ”veteriner”, tí matur og vekt og týdningur teirra fyri gitnaðin lógu frammarlaga. Men tá grannalondini bein- leiðis fóru at stuðla og stýra móti einum meira heilsusamum samfelagið við al- mennum tiltøkum (geva bømum vitamin- ríkan mat í skúlatíðini, byggja íbúðarhús o.s.fr.), fylgdi heilsupolitiska hugsanin í Føroyum ikki hesi rás. Ein av orsøkunum kann vera, at tað í tí føroysku tjóðskap- arbyggingini lá eitt mótrák um at verja alt, sum varð hildið at vera serføroyskt og gott, móti ”útlendskum” árini. Føroyskur heilsu- og almannapolitikkur helt áfram at byggja upp á privata umsorgan í heimaumhvørvi- num (familismu) leingi eftir, at tey skandi- navisku londini høvdu fíngið sínar al- mennu vælferðarskipanir. should be taken, were influenced by the current medical knowledge, for example would the new doctrine on bacteria in late 19th Century bring focus on hygiene and sanitation. But the text analyses reveal that the reports from these “objective” experts also were influenced by other kinds of pre- vailing knowledge and values - often not medical - for example their attitudes to a public health system which they saw as replacing private duties and responsibility, as well as their views on the national ques- tion. The historical approach sheds light on tensions in the public health system, espe- cially in transitional periods: when liberal democracy was introduced; when access to professional medical care was be put into practice by people at large; when knowl- edge about bacteria and vitamins presented new challenges to public policy makers. The thesis indicates that in the interwar years focus in the public health discussions in the Faroes, as in the neighbouring coun- tries, was mainly on proper food and sani- tarian conditions. But when the Scandina- vian states started their public interven- tions: public school meals, public housing projects and so on, the Faroese mindset fol- lowed another course. One of the reasons may be the nationalistic project still pre- vailing on what was regarded as uniquely Faroese, and therefore should be protected from foreign influence. Thus Faroese health and social policy remained familial- istic many years after the breakthrough of the Scandinavian welfare state.
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