Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði - 01.01.1985, Qupperneq 108

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Jörundur Hilmarsson
B suwam, on the other hand, bears witness to a different syllabifi-
cation. Here, l.-E. *suHnt has been restructured as *suHnt > Toch.
*swánt > B *suwám> suwam.
In Tocharian, the pres.ptc. middle is formed with the suffíx *-mánœ
(A -mám, B -máne), which Klingenschmitt (1975:159—163) convinc-
ingly derives from I.-E. *-mH,no- (cf. also Rasmussen 1983:372, 379
against Lindeman 1982:48—49).
Common Toch. *-mánœ (with H, > á in interconsonantic position,
cf. K.T. Schmidt 1982:364 for such development) would then be the
regular post-vocalic variant of the suffix, generalized in all positions in
Tocharian. A post-consonantic *-mHtno-,on the other hand, would be
syllabified *-mH,no- and the laryngeal would be lost without a trace,
yielding *-ámnœ. However, a set-root like *suH2/3- ‘to rain’ constitutes
a special case. I.-E. *suH2/3- plus *-mH,no- would most naturally be
syllabifíed *suH2/3mH,no- which, with loss of the intervocalic
laryngeal, would yield *suumH,no- > Common Toch. *suwámnœ. This
form, with generalization of the suffix shape *-mánœ would then
account for A súmám regularly, and one would not (with Winter
loc.cit.) have to assume that súmám is analogical to swihc. Rather, A
swihc and súmám both have regularly formed pre-vocalic root forms.
On the other hand, if the sequence VHmH can be classified as paral-
lel to VHnC, which appears not too tenuous, the syllabifícation could
be restructured in the same manner as in *H2ueH,nto- -+*H2ueH,nto-,
changing *suH2/3mH,no- to *suH2/3mH,no-, which would regularly
tum up as Common Toch. *swámánæ > B swámane.
The development observed in A wánt- vs. A want, B yenle would
thus be paralleled by that of A swihc vs. B sú wam, and possibly also by
A súmám vs. B swámane, if neither of these two participial forms is
analogical.
We now turn our attention again to I.-E. *suH2ntön ‘the sunny one’,
whose formation was explained above. In Tocharian, this form would
either be continued as such, yielding *suuntön > Common Toch.
*suwánto, cf. A wánt-, swihc (and sú mám), or it would be restructured
as *suH2ntön, yielding Common Toch. *swánto, cf. A want, B yente,
súwam (and swámane). Evidently, it is the latter development that is
attested in B swáhco/swahciye, A swáhcem ‘(sun)beam, ray’.12 Only the
palatal -hc- forexpected -nt- needs furthercomment.
The flexion of the Indo-European ön-stems was apophonic. Thus,