Jökull


Jökull - 01.12.1967, Page 76

Jökull - 01.12.1967, Page 76
GONCLUSIONS In the well in Vestmann Islands there are two aquifers whicli have different pressure, 8- value and calcium content. Ground-water flowing from the mainland has flushed out the original interstitial sea-water. The sediments act as a semipermeable filter, which allows the water to pass through but keeps the salts behincl. Ground-water rnixed with sea-water always has a certain type of chemical evolution. This evolution is well illustratecl in the three com- ponent system Na, Mg and Ca. The most typical change in this system is the increase in calcium while magnesium and sodium de- creases. The magnesium can practically dis- appear from the water. This evolution depends on the age of the water, temperature, the type of rocks which the water has reactecl with, and the original concentrations of dissolvecl solids in the water. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Thanks are expressed to Mr. Bragi Arnason, Science Institute, University of Iceland, for making available his deuterium measurements. REFERENCES Arnason, B. and Th. Sigurgeirsson. 1967: Hy- drogen isotopes in hydrological studies in Icelancl. In: Isotopes in Hydrology, 35— 47. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna. Ellis, A. J. and W. A ./. Mahon. 1964, 1967: Natural hydrothermal systems and experi- mental hot water/rock interactions. Part I and Part II. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 28, 1323-1357 and 31, 519-538. Ernery, K. O. and S. C. Rettenberg. 1952: Early diagenesis of California basin sediments in relation to origin of oil. Am. Assoc. Petr- oleurn Geologists Bull. 36, 735—806. Clayton, R. N., I. Friedman, D. L. Graf, T. K. Mayeda, W. F. Meents and N. F. Shipp. 1966: The origin of saline formation wat- ers, 1, Isotopic composition. J. Geophys. Res. 71, 3869-3882. Graf, D. L., I. Friedman and W. F. Meents. 1965: The origin of saline formation wat- ers, 2, Isotopic fraction by shale micropore systems. Illinois State Geol. Surv. Circ. 393. Graf, D. L., W. F. Meents, I. Friedman and N. F. Shipp. 1966: The origin of saline formation waters, 3, Calcium chloride wat- ers. Illinois State Geol. Surv. Circ. 397. K. Rankama and T. G. Sahama. 1950: Geo- chemistry, p. 287 and 290. Chicago Univ. Chicago Press, 912 pp. Siever, R., K. C. Beck and R. A. Berner. 1965: Composition of interstitial water of modern sediments. J. Geology 73, 39—73. Siever, R. 1962: Silica solubility 0—200° C and the diagenesis of siliceous sediments. J. Geology 70, 127—150. White, D. E. 1965: Saline waters of sediment- ary rocks. Fluids in subsurface environ- ments. A symposium memoir no. 4. Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists. Á G R I P UPPRUNI VATNS í SETLÖGUM UNDIR VESTMANNAEYJUM Árið 1964 var boruð 1565 m djúp hola í Vestmannaeyjum í því skyni að l'á neyzluvatn íyrir Vestmannaeyinga. Jarðlög þau, sem bor- að var gegnum, eru í stórum dráttum þessi: Efst er Vestmannaeyjamyndun, sem nær í 180 m dýpi. Þar fyrir neðan eru að mestu set niður í 820 m dýpi, en siðan að mestu basaltlög (sjá jarðlagasnið holunnar á mynd 1). Með dælingu fékkst nokkurt vatnsmagn úr holunni, en selta vatnsins var um helmingur af seltu sjávar. Hlutfall vetnisísótópa í vatninu (8-gildi) var svipað og í úrkomu í fjallshlíðum upp af Suð- urlandsundirlendi. Dælt hefur verið þrisvar sinnum úr holunni, fyrst meðan á borun stóð, en tvisvar eftir að henni var lokið. Á myndum 2—4 er skráð, hvernig rennsli, hiti og vatnsborð breyttust með tíma. I seinustu dælingu var vatnsborð ekki skráð reglulega, en vitað er, að í lok dæl- ingarinnar var vatnsborðið á 88 metra dýpi. í þessari dælingu var klórmagn vatnsins greint reglulega, og eru niðurstöður færðar inn á mynd 4. Holan sker tvær vatnsæðar, sem hafa mis- 310 JÖKULL 17. ÁR
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
Page 4
Page 5
Page 6
Page 7
Page 8
Page 9
Page 10
Page 11
Page 12
Page 13
Page 14
Page 15
Page 16
Page 17
Page 18
Page 19
Page 20
Page 21
Page 22
Page 23
Page 24
Page 25
Page 26
Page 27
Page 28
Page 29
Page 30
Page 31
Page 32
Page 33
Page 34
Page 35
Page 36
Page 37
Page 38
Page 39
Page 40
Page 41
Page 42
Page 43
Page 44
Page 45
Page 46
Page 47
Page 48
Page 49
Page 50
Page 51
Page 52
Page 53
Page 54
Page 55
Page 56
Page 57
Page 58
Page 59
Page 60
Page 61
Page 62
Page 63
Page 64
Page 65
Page 66
Page 67
Page 68
Page 69
Page 70
Page 71
Page 72
Page 73
Page 74
Page 75
Page 76
Page 77
Page 78
Page 79
Page 80
Page 81
Page 82
Page 83
Page 84
Page 85
Page 86
Page 87
Page 88
Page 89
Page 90
Page 91
Page 92
Page 93
Page 94
Page 95
Page 96
Page 97
Page 98
Page 99
Page 100
Page 101
Page 102
Page 103
Page 104
Page 105
Page 106

x

Jökull

Direct Links

If you want to link to this newspaper/magazine, please use these links:

Link to this newspaper/magazine: Jökull
https://timarit.is/publication/1155

Link to this issue:

Link to this page:

Link to this article:

Please do not link directly to images or PDFs on Timarit.is as such URLs may change without warning. Please use the URLs provided above for linking to the website.