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———. “Gratian.” Christianity and Family Law: An Introduction, ed. by John Witte
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S U M M A R Y
the Canon Law of Emergency Baptism and of Marriage in Medieval Iceland and
Europe
Keywords: Grágás, Kristinna laga þáttr, Kristinréttur Árna biskups Þorlákssonar,
canon law, Gratian, Corpus iuris canonici, Bréfabók of Bishop Jón Vilhjálmsson,
emergency baptism, spiritual kinship
In this article, the Icelandic Church Law on emergency baptism and marriage
is considered in the context of how general European law on the same subjects
developed in the Middle ages. the result is that while the Kristinréttur of Bishop
Árni Þorláksson from 1275 is a good reflection of contemporary European canon
law, the relation between the Kristinna laga þáttr of Grágás, allegedly compiled in
c. 1123, and contemporary canon law, is more difficult to pinpoint. Differences
among the several manuscripts of this þáttr may, however, be explained with refer-
ence to developments in European canon law. the article also examines a marriage
case adjudicated in 1429 by Bishop Jón Vilhjálmsson of Hólar, demonstrating that
the bishop, as far as we are able to judge, followed not only valid Icelandic law but
also European canon law.
Á G r I P
Lykilorð: Grágás, kristinna laga þáttr, kristinréttur Árna biskups Þorlákssonar, kan -
ónískur réttur, Gratianus, Corpus iuris canonici, Bréfabók Jóns biskups Vilhjálms-
sonar, skemmri skírn, guðsifjar
í greininni er íslenskur kirkjuréttur varðandi skemmri skírn og hjónaband
skoðaður og settur í samhengi við þróun lagagreina um sömu atriði í almennum
kirkjurétti í Evrópu á miðöldum. niðurstaða rannsóknarinnar er annars vegar