Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.1993, Page 65

Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.1993, Page 65
Pest.s recorded in the Faroe Islands, 1986-1992 69 Dorete Bloch and Henri Mourier Úrtak Hesi seinastu árini hevur Djóradeildin á Føroya Náttúrugripasavni viðgjørt alt størri part av teimum skaðadýrum, sum eru latin inn, 113 í 1992. Flestu teirra eru fráboðað úr Tórshavn, flest eisini í mun til fólkatalið. Til samans eru 357 fráboðað. Tey eru býtt sundur soleiðis: 85 (24.1%) hússkaðadýr, 94 (26.7%) matvøruskaðadýr, 46 (13.1%) eru dýr, sum ørkymla menniskju, og 127 (36.1%) eru meira og minni meinaleys. Av teimum hússkaðadýrum, sum vórðu innlatin, er mest av fýri (52 skrásetingar). Hann flýgur í juli- september, ikki sum tjóvaklukkan (35 skrásetingar), sum líkist fýri, men sum sæst alt árið. Millum tey dýrini, ið eta matvørur, er mest av tjóvaklukku, henni á baki er tjøruklukkan (26 skrásetingar), silvurskottur (14 skrá- setingar) og hýggiklukkan (5 skrásetingar). Staraloppan er til ampa í summum húsum í mars- juni. Dustlúsin sæst alt árið. Alt árið koma vit fram á ymisk meira og minni meinaleys skaðadýr, grátt undir steini og eiturkoppar alt árið, smærumottan er virkin í mai-juni, tvístertan í juli- september, svartaklukkan, Carabus problematicus í august-oktober, og at enda gulleygað frá september- november. Tað tykist, sum starvsárið hjá einum hópi av skaðadýrum víkur nakað frá tí, sum vit kenna í Dan- mark. Hetta kemur av havveðurlagnum her, sum ger, at tað er lættari at hóra undan teir lýggju vetramar, men sum krevur longri menningarskeið tey køldu sumrini. Introduction Due to their geographical situation, the Faroe Islands have a cold, wet oceanic climate, and are separated from their near- est neighbours, Shetland, Iceland and Norway, by at least 300 km. Mild winters (+4°C), cold summers (+11°C) and a large immigration distance have had a filter ef- fect on the number of animals occurring in the Faroes, including those referred to as pests. This results in a quantitative border, especially from Shetland and north to the Faroes (Bengtson, 1980; 1982; Enckell, 1987). An animal will be classified as a pest when its occurrence has a negative effect on human life and activities, such as by trans- mitting diseases, eating food supplies or otherwise decreasing the quality of human life. Many pests are synanthropes, meaning that they cannot survive in colder climates outside human dwellings. To these belong many of our common pests. Examples from the Faroese pest fauna are the German cockroach, Blatella germanica, and the silverfish, Lepisma saccharina. Fróðskaparrit 41. bók. 1994 (1993): 69-82
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