Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.2008, Page 65

Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.2008, Page 65
Skiftismæli í føroyskum? 63 Diglossia in Faroese? "Hevur Fróðskaparfelagið við nýggja málpolitikki sínum nakran tilverurætt?" ella: "Hevur Vitinskapiliga selskapið við sínum nýggja sprogpolitikki nakað eksistensbercettilsi?”1 Majbritt Pauladóttir Arendal videregáende skole, Postboks 325, 4803 Arendal Email: MPauladottir@hotmail.com Úrtak I greinini verður roynt at nærkast spurningi um 'skiftis- mæli í føroyskum'. Sera einfalt kann sigast, at skiftis- mæli er málslig støða í samfelag, ið hevur tvey frábrigdi av móðurmálinum, ið verða nýtt hvørt í sínum høpi; annað í gerandismálinum (Lágt/L-frábrigdi) og hitt í formligum og hátíðarligum høpi (Há/H-frábrigdi). Tá ið eg arbeiddi við masterritgerð um føroyskt mál fyri fáum árum síðan, var eyðsýnt, at heimildarfólk míni høvdu ymiskan málburð. Tí rann spurningurin um skiftismæli í føroyskum mær fleiri ferðir í hug sum møguligt umrøðuevni í føroyskum høpi. Tað skal sigast, at skiftismæli er samansettur spurn- ingur, og tí skal verða gjørt vart við, at evnið er ikki tikið upp við tí í hyggju at koma við føstum niðurstøðum. Tvørturímóti. Ymiskir átrokandi málsligir spurningar undir arbeiðinum við nevndu masterritgerð hava gjørt, at eg í fyrstu syfti vil nærkast evninum á reglubundnan hátt við heildarreglum eftir Ferguson sum ástøði. Stevnumiðið áfram kann so vera at arbeiða við spurn- inginum í størri kanning. Skipanin av greinini fer m.a. at hava við sær, at eyð- kennini fyri skiftismæli eftir Ferguson, níggju í tali, verða viðgjørd úr føroyskum sjónarhorni. í orðaskiftin- um skal hvørt teirra viðgerast heilt stutt við dømum um málnýtslu, ið eru at fmna í samrøðunum við tey áðurnevndu 118 heimildarfólkini. Harafturat, beint undan henda grein varð skrivað, er pinkukanning gjørd nú í 2008; 12 heimildarfólk eru spurd um hugburð teirra til danismur. Abstract ln this article the topic Diglossia in Faroese has been approached. In very simple terms diglossia may be described as the linguistic situation in a society where two varieties of the mother tongue have their function in mutual distribution; the Low (L) variety in the daily language and the High (H) in a formal context and as the written variety. During the field work for the author’s Master’s thesis, numerous observations were made of a highly varying language use amongst the 118 informants. This brought to mind the thoughts about a potential diglossic situation in the Faroese speech community. Diglossia as such is a highly complex topic, about which prominent linguists have presented highly varying theories. For that very reason the article does not pretend to present any conclusions to this ques- tion with respect to the Faroese conditions. Rather, it has been the intention to approach the issue on the basis of Ferguson's fundamental principles. The objec- tive ahead, however, may be to work with the topic in a more comprehensive context. The organization of this article will imply, amongst other items, that Ferguson's distinctive markers for diglossia - nine altogether - have been discussed from a Faroese point of view. In the discussion, each of these nine distinctions has been commented on with exam- ples from Faroese that have been detected in the conversations with the aforementioned 118 infor- mants. Additionally, in connection with the prepa- Fróðskaparrit 56. bók 2008:63-96
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