Læknablaðið - 15.06.1996, Blaðsíða 8

436
LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1996; 82
Svæðisgarnabólga á íslandi 1980-1989
Afturskyggn faraldsfræðileg rannsókn
Sigurður Bjömsson1’, Jóhann Heiðar Jóhannsson2’, Einar Oddsson3’
Björnsson S, Jóhannsson JH, Oddsson E
Crohn’s disease in Iceland 1980-1989. A retrospec-
tive epidemiological study
Læknablaðið 1996; 82: 436-42
Objective: To find the incidence of Crohn’s disease
in Iceland during the past decade for comparison
with previous study and incidence figures from
neighbouring countries.
Methods: A nationwide retrospective study of the
incidence of Crohn’s disease in Iceland for the 10-
year period 1980-1989 was conducted. New cases
were retrieved by review of all small and large in-
testinal tissue specimens with any type of inflamma-
tion submitted to the two departments of pathology
in Iceland. All cases with the slightest possibility of
Crohn’s disease were followed clinically by exam-
ining their hospital, outpatient and x-ray records. In
addition all small intestinal x-rays with the diagnosis
of Crohn’s disease were screened. The criteria of
Lennard-Jones were used to confirm or exclude
Crohn’s disease.
Results: Thus 75 patients were found, 36 men and 39
women, M/F ratio 0.9. The mean annual incidence
was 3.1/100,000, which is a three fold increase com-
pared to the period 1970-1979. The incidence of
Crohn’s disease in Iceland is still the lowest among
the neighbouring countries. The highest age specific
incidence was in the age group 60-69 years, 8.9/
100,000, which is unusual. The most frequent local-
ization of the intestinal inflammation at diagnosis
was colon only (54.7%). The second most common
Frá lyflækningadeild Borgarspítalans’1, Rannsóknastofu
Háskóla islands í meinafræði21, lyflækningadeild Landspít-
alans31. Fyrirspurnirog bréfaskriftir: Sigurður Björnsson, lyf-
lækningadeild Sjúkrahúss Reykjavíkur, 108 Reykjavík.
Lykilorð: Þarmabólgusjúkdómur, svæðisgarnabólga, far-
aldsfræöi, nýgengi.
localization was ileum only (25.3%), but in 18.7% of
the patients the disease involved both ileum and
colon. Inflammation limited to the colon was signif-
icantly more frequent in the older age groups. There
was a family history of inflammatory bowel disease
(IBD) in 8% of the cases.
Conclusion: The incidence of Crohn’s disease in Ice-
land, while still low compared to that of the neigh-
bouring countries, is rising. The reason for this in-
crease is unknown.
Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease,
epidemiology, incidence.
Ágrip
Markmið: Að finna nýgengi svæðisgarna-
bólgu (Crohn’s disease) á íslandi á liðnum ára-
tug og að gera samanburð við fyrri könnun á
nýgengi sjúkdómsins á árabilinu 1950-1979 og
við kannanir í nágrannalöndunum.
Aðferðir: Gerð var afturskyggn rannsókn á
nýgengi svæðisgarnabólgu á Islandi á árunum
1980-1989. Öll bólgin mjógirnis- og ristilsýni
sem bárust í vefjagreiningu á meinafræðideild-
um á landinu, voru athuguð og grunsamlegum
tilfellum var fylgt eftir með því að kanna
sjúkraskýrslur og röntgen-, speglunar- og að-
gerðarlýsingar. Mjógirnismyndir sem fengið
höfðu greininguna svæðisgarnabólga, voru
einnig kannaðar. Viðurkenndum skilmerkjum
var síðan beitt við sjúkdómsgreiningu. Skrá
yfir áður greinda sjúklinga á tímabilinu 1950-
1979 auðveldaði staðfestingu á því, að ein-
göngu væri um ný sjúkdómstilfelli að ræða.
Niðurstöður: Á tímabilinu fundust 75 ein-
staklingar með svæðisgarnabólgu, 36 karlar og
39 konur, kynjahlutfall 0,9. Aldur var fjögur til
78 ár og hæst var nýgengið í aldurshópnum
60-69 ára, 8,9 (ilfelli á 100.000 íbúa á ári.
Meðalnýgengi var 3,1 tilfelli á 100.000 íbúa á