Jökull


Jökull - 01.12.1968, Síða 58

Jökull - 01.12.1968, Síða 58
tached to the local telephone line which cross- ed the sandur. The ground control system was established by July 30th. Owing to difficulties in obtain- ing the services of the Icelandic Coast Guard aircraft, which was to fly the new photography, followed by a period of bad weather, the new aerial photograpliy was not taken until August 24th. During the flight panchromatic, colour, false colour and infra red filrns were exposed. During the month of August extensive peri- ods of bad weather limited field work. How- ever, a plane-table map of an esker system emerging from the ice edge was constructed ancl studies were made ot' the moraines, strati- graphy and drainage systems of the proglacial area. The party left the sanclur on August 31 st and flew back to Glasgow from Reykjavik on September 3rd. During the period September 1965 to June 1966 the new aerial photography, which proved to be of excellent quality, was used for both photogrammetric and photointerpretation pur- poses. Many weeks of work by Welch and Howarth, using the Santoni Simplex II and the Wild B8 plotting machines in the Department of Geography resulted in a detailed topograph- ical and morphological map of the area of study at a scale of 1:15,000. This map was to be the basis of the field work to be carried out during the summer of 1966. An intensive study was also made by Welch of the value of the four different tvpes of photography for the interpretation of a glacial environment. The results of this study have been published in The Photogrammetric Re- cord (Welch 1966) and indicate that colour photography is superior for the interpretation of glacierized areas. Work was not commenced on the plotting of the 1945 aerial photography until May 1966 because of difficulties encountered in obtain- ing íilm of this aerial photography from the American Department of Defence. During May and the early part of June (1966) all preparations for the fieldwork pro- gramme to be carried out in Iceland between June 27th and August 26th were completed. Two field camps were established once again, each with three undergraduate field assistants 392 JÖKULL 18. ÁR plus the senior research workers. The aims of the 1966 field programme were: 1. To carry out detailed studies of ice move- rnent and ablation in selected areas near the frontal nrargin of Breidamerkurjokull. 2. To make large-scale rnaps of two esker systems. 3. To complete morphological ancl strati- graphic mapping of the pro-glacial area. 4. To study the orientation of rock particles in the ground moraine and moraine ridges. 5. To study the reflectance values of surface materials for use in photointerpretation studies. 6. To determine the depth of three proglacial lakes. 7. To obtain meteorological information near the frontal margin of Breidamerkurjokull. 8. To establish additional ground control for aerial photography taken in August 1965, and permanently mark, with cement blocks, all points used for the grouncl control. 9. To sample the proglacial deposits to deter- mine the size range, shape and roundness of particles. The 1966 field-season proved to be very successful and all the aims listed above were achieved. Onlv ten days were lost because of bad weather. During the period since September 1966 much of the material obtained during the two field seasons has been analysed. The photo- grammetric maps based on the 1945 aerial photography were completed and the changes in the extent of the glacier and the form of the proglacial area between 1945 and. 1966 studied (Welch 1967, Welch and Howarth 1967, Price 1969). Laboratory work has been carried out on the sediment samples and a computer programme used to analyse the large amount of data collected on particle shape and round- ness. It is not the purpose of this paper to sum- marize the results of this project. These results are contained in two doctoral theses (University of Glasgow), one already completed by Welch and the other in its final stages by Howarth, and papers either already published in scienti- fic journals or in the process of publication
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