Jökull


Jökull - 01.12.1978, Page 15

Jökull - 01.12.1978, Page 15
Fig. 13. Ice wedge casts at Vatnsá assumed to be of Younger Dryas age. The section shows a sediment filled Kettle. Key: 1. Fluvioglacial, stony gravel, 2. Lacustrine silty sand, 3. Fluvial sand and gravel, 4. Ice wedge casts, 5. Eolian soil. Mynd 13. Fornir ísfleygar viö Vatnsá, sem taldir eru vera frá yngra holtasóleyjarskeiði. Sniðið synir setfyllt jökulker. Skýringar: 1. grófl jökulárset, 2. vatnaset (sandur og méla), 3. ármöl og sandur, 4. ísfleygafyllingar, 5. fokjarðvegur. of polygons on patterned ground. Remnants of a homogenous stony gravel layer are located aside of the top of some of the narrowest wedges. This is thought to be the last active layer before the melting of the wedges. This is seen at the left side of the wedge on Fig. 15. At the top of the broader wedges this material is absent, and there are low depressions on the surface of the deposit. This indicates that the active layer fell as a whole into the broadest wedges when the ice melted, but some of it was left at the top of the nar- rower ones. The ice wedges are considered to have developed under plurannual permafrost con- ditions. Ice wedges which form during one winter and are subject to melting in the next summer will never reach more than a few mm width. Such wedges will be filled by sand, and even if they develop year by year, each year no greater grains than sand are able to penetrate down the narrow openings (Washburn 1973). In the ice wedge casts described above stones up to 20 cm in diameter are observed. On top of the fluvial material there is an up to 1 m thick layer of silty sandy eolian soil. It is rather homogenous, but near the bottom of it a 2 cm thick light coloured (acid) fine sandy tephra layer was found. It is very distorted but nevertheless it can easily be followed across Fig. 14. Ice wedge casts at Vatnsá. Note the bending down of layers at the cast margins and the coarse material in the casts. Cf. Fig. 13. Mynd 14. Fornir ísfleygar við Vatnsá. Lögin milli fleyganna hogna niður hjá þeim. Hið grófa efni í fleygunum sést vel á myndinni. JÖKULL 28. ÁR 13
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