Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði - 01.01.2022, Page 111

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Lykilorð:  vísandi núllfrumlög, ópersónuleg núllfrumlög, umræðuliðfelling, tengieyðing,
málfræðileiki, tækileiki, nútímaíslenska, forníslenska
Keywords:  referential null subjects, impersonal null subjects, topic drop, conjunction
reduction, grammaticality, acceptability, Modern Icelandic, Old Icelandic

summary
‘Of null subjects in Icelandic’
This article discusses referential null subjects, partly in Old Icelandic but mainly in
Modern Icelandic. Icelandic has never been a consistent null-subject language, but never-
theless, Old Icelandic had quite many occurrences of referential null subjects, mainly in the
3rd person. In contrast to impersonal null subjects, referential null subjects have been gen-
erally believed by linguists to have disappeared from the language in the 19th century. This
is peculiar. Languages with rich verb agreement are commonly null-subject languages, as
the person and number endings of finite verbs identify the silent subject (or even incorpo-
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