Læknablaðið - 15.02.2009, Page 15

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RÆÐIGREINAR
RANNSÓKNIR
9. Doyle LW for the Victorian Infant Collaborative study Group.
Outcome at 5 years of Age of Children 23 to 27 weeks'
Gestation: Refining the prognosis. Pediatrics 2001; 108: 134-
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10. Tommiska V, Heinonen K, Ilonen S, et al. A national short-
term follow-up study of extremely low birth weight infants
bom in Finland 1996-1997. Pediatrics 2001:107: E2.
11. Finnstrom O, Olaugsson PO, Sedin G, et al. The swedish
national prospective study on extremely low birthweight
(ELBW) infants. Incidence, mortality, morbidity and survival
in relation to level of care. Acta Paediatr 1997; 86: 503-11.
12. Markestad T, Kaaresen PI, Rönnestad A, et al. Early
death, morbidity, and need of treatment among extremely
premature infants. Pediatrics 2005; 115:1289-98.
13. Doyle LW. Evaluation of neonatal intensive care for
extremely-low-birth-weight infants. Semin Fetal Neonatal
Med 2006; 11:139-45.
14 The Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. Improved
outcome into the 1990s for infants weighing 500-999g at birth.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal 1997; 77: F91-4.
15. Barton L, Hodgman JE, Pavlova Z. Causes of Death in
Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants. Pediatrics 1999; 103:
446-51.
16. Hodgman JE, Barton L, Pavlova Z, Fassett MJ. Infection as
a cause of death in the extremely-low-birth-weight infant.
Matem Fetal Neonatal Med 2003; 14: 313-7.
17. Shankaran S, Fanaroff AA, Wright LL, et al. Risk factors for
early death among extremely low-birth-weight infants. Am J
Obstet Gynecol 2002; 186: 796-802.
18. MacDonald H. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee
on fetus and newborn. Perinatal care at the threshold of
viability. Pediatrics 2002; 110:1024-7.
19. Sheldon T. Dutch doctors change policy on treating preterm
babies. BMJ 2001; 322:1383.
Extremely low birthweight infants in lceland 1991-95,
Risk factors for perinatal and neonatal death
Objective: Survival of extremely low birthweight infants
with birthweight <1000 g (ELBW) has increased in recent
years, parallei to decline in perinatal mortality rate. This
study was part of a geographically defined national study
on survival, health, development and longterm outcome
of ELBW infants in lceland 1991-95 focusing on infant and
maternal health risk factors affecting infant survival.
Material and methods: Information was collected from
the National Birth Registry on births and survival of
ELBW infants weighing 500-999 g born in lceland 1991-
95. Information was obtained from hospital records of
all liveborn ELBW infants and their mothers regarding
maternal health, pregnancy, birth, diseases in the newborn
period, lifespan and causes of death. Information on
causes of death was collected from autopsy records
of deceased infants. Comparison was made between
the deceased ELBW infants and the control infants that
survived.
Results: The study group consisted of 28 infants that
died and a control group of 32 infants that survived. Most
of the infants died in the first 24 hours after birth (47%).
There was no significant difference in birthweight in the
two groups nor regarding age of mothers, smoking,
alcohol use and medication. Nearly all mothers of
deceased infants (97%) had health problems during the
pregnancy, compared to 66% mothers in the control
group. Mothers of deceased infants had significantly
more common infections (p=0.004). Significant difference
was found regarding respiratory distress syndrome and
intraventricular hemorrhage in infants that died (p=0.001).
Conclusions: The results of the study support that short
pregnancy, infection during pregnancy and intraventricular
hemorrhage were the main risk factors causing death of
ELBW infants in the perinatal and neonatal period in 1991-
95.
Thorarinsdottir BK, Georgsdottir I, Johannsson JH, Dagbjartsson A.
Extremely low birthweight infants in lceland 1991-95. Risk factors for perinatal and neonatal death. Icel Med J
2009; 95:107-111.
Key words: ELBW infants, sun/ival, perinatal death, neonatal death.
Correspondence: Ingibjörg Georgsdóttir, ingibjorg@greining.is
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