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Læknablaðið - 01.05.2021, Blaðsíða 17

Læknablaðið - 01.05.2021, Blaðsíða 17
L ÆK N A BL AÐIÐ 2021/107 233 E N G L I S H S U M M A R Y Bolli Þórsson1,2 Elías Freyr Guðmundsson1 Gunnar Sigurðsson1 Thor Aspelund1,3 Vilmundur Guðnason1,3 1Icelandic Heart Association, 2Landspitali- The National University Hospital of Iceland, 3University of Iceland Correspondence: Vilmundur Guðnason, v.gudnason@hjarta.is Key words: Prevalence of type 2 diabetes, Incidence of type 2 diabetes, Prescription Medicines Register, Icelandic Heart Association. Prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes in Iceland 2005-2018 INTRODUCTION: The number of people with type 2 diabetes has increased in Iceland in the last few decades. We utilized the national database on prescribed medication from the Directorate of Health to estimate the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes in Iceland and made prediction on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iceland in 10 and 20 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes for the period 2005-2018 was estimated based on prescriptions of diabetes medication in the national prescription database containing all prescriptions in Iceland during the period. The result was compared to the result from the REFINE-Reykjavik study (prospective, population-based cohort study) from 2004 to 2011 and published data from the USA from 1980 to 2016. RESULTS: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes more than doubled in near all age groups in both men and women in the period 2005-2018. The incidence increased by 2.8% annually (in 18-79 years old). The number of people in Iceland with type 2 diabetes was 10600 in 2018 and had increased from 4200 in the year 2005. Comparison with the results of the REFINE-Reykjavik study showed an underestimation (29% in men and women) of the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. If the increase in type 2 diabetes continues at a similar rate as in the years 2005-2018 the number of people with diabetes in Iceland could be near 24000 in the year 2040. CONCLUSION: Linear increase was seen in incidence and prevalence of people with type 2 diabetes in the years 2005-2018. Similar evolution was seen in USA from 1984. In order to counteract the increase of type 2 diabetes following the same path as has been seen in the USA, targeted measures are needed. doi 10.17992/lbl.2021.05.634 1. Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010; 87: 4-14. 2. Rawshani A, Rawshani A, Franzén S, et al. Risk Factors, Mortality, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2018; 379: 633-44. 3. Dugani SB, Moorthy MV, Li C, et al. Association of Lipid, Inflammatory, and Metabolic Biomarkers With Age at Onset for Incident Coronary Heart Disease in Women. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 6: 437-47. 4. Ndjaboue R, Farhat I, Ferlatte C-A, et al. Predictive models of diabetes complications: protocol for a scoping review. Syst Rev 2020; 9: 137. 5. Zhou XH, Qiao Q, Zethelius B, et al. Diabetes, prediabetes and cancer mortality. Diabetologia 2010; 53: 1867-76. 6. World Health Organizatin Global report on diabetes. 2016. 7. Thorsson B, Eiriksdottir G, Sigurdsson S, et al. Population distribution of traditional and the emerging cardiovascular risk factors carotid plaque and IMT: the REFINE-Reykjavik study with comparison with the Tromsø study. BMJ Open 2018; 8: e019385. 8. Bjarnason TA, Kristinsdottir LB, Oskarsdottir ES, et al. Editor’s Choice- Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes among patients with acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2017; 6: 744-9. 9. Benoit SR, Hora I, Albright AL, et al. New directions in incidence and prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in the USA. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2019; 7: e000657. 10. 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Embætti landlæknis, Matvælastofnun, Rannsóknastofa í næringarfræði, Reykjavík 2011. landlaeknir.is/servlet/file/store93/item14901/Hva%C3%B0%20bor%C3%B0a%20 %C3%8Dslendingar_april%202012.pdf - apríl 2021. 16. Sinclair A, Pouya S, Kaundal A, et al. Diabetes and global ageing among 65–99-year-old adults: Findings from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9 th edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 162: 108078. 17. Wright AK, Kontopantelis E, Emsley R, et al. Life Expectancy and Cause-Specific Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study Quantifying Relationships in Ethnic Subgroups. Diabet Care 2017; 40: 338-45. 18. Fuentes S, Mandereau-Bruno L, Regnault N, et al. Is the type 2 diabetes epidemic plateauing in France? A nationwide population-based study. Diabetes Metab 2020; 46: 472- 9. 19. Gruss SM, Nhim K, Gregg E, et al. Public Health Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes Prevention: the US National Diabetes Prevention Program and Beyond. 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