Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.2002, Page 54

Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.2002, Page 54
52 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSNATIONAL COOPERATION IN NORDIC ATLANTIC REGIONS Nordic Atlantic projects is inuch too small, compared to the level of Norwegian fund- ing for BEAR projects. In the high quality catch and production of cod products in particular, combined fisheries cooperation in resource manage- ment and price politics could be of funda- mental importance. It is essential to both the BEAR and NORA Cooperations, seen in a European context, that the non-rational outcomes of intra-North Atlantic competi- tion for resources and on prices should be tackled. Within this lie some potentials of regionalisation. Internally, a sense of re- gional identity already exists, and external- ly as well from the perspective of fish con- sumers. Cooperation in fisheries does not have to incorporate the silent Finnish and Swedish participants in the Barents Region but it certainly must include West Nordic countries, due to their access to fish re- sources. Therefore, the threat to fisheries of BEAR policies, is the danger of concentrat- ing solely on Norwegian-Russian coopera- tion, which is a cooperation of limited per- spectives. How the Barents Region and Nordic Atlantic Cooperation can be inter- linked, although placed in different institu- tional spaces, is an open question. At the same time, the Norwegian BEAR policy should be recognised for its under- standing of the importance of political dis- course today. If an idea is suggested often enough, perhaps someone will carry it through or frnance it! It appears to be a problem of the BEAR that it seems to con- sist of so much talking, but apparently re- gionalisation through discussion and con- sultation is important. The well-developed and regionally founded Norwegian politi- cal culture produces a very different level of public debate to that found in other West Nordic countries. Using the tradition of Po- mor trade (between Northern Norway and the White Sea area in the 18th and 19th century) in particular in regionalisation, has already been quite successful in the BEAR initiative. But earlier Viking trade actually extended from ‘Vineland’ (America/New- foundland) and Greenland in the west, to ‘Bjarmaland’ and Novgorod in the east (and to Normandy in the south, as well!). The Viking Age was characterised by the dynamic and extemally oriented activities of the North towards continental Europe. More energetic politics in trade and coop- eration are also needed today to advance Nordic Atlantic Cooperation! The comparative analysis of the Nordic Atlantic Cooperation versus the Barents Euro-ArcticRegion Cooperations reveals a principal local/global dilemma: should re- gional policies first of all involve and coor- dinate already locally established institu- tions and businesses, thereby risking failure to create and build any new development or institutions, or should regional policies meet the challenges of globalisation by pur- suing ambitious new transnational initia- tives involving foreign policy, thereby risk- ing the raising of high expectations which cannot be fulfilled by concrete activities? To find a way to manage this dilemnia involves a more concrete formulation of the objectives of regional cooperation policies in relation to a specific analysis of the prob- lems faced by the regions involved (and here the role of security policy objectives
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