Læknablaðið : fylgirit - 03.01.2017, Blaðsíða 83

X V I I I V Í S I N D A R Á Ð S T E F N A H Í
F Y L G I R I T 9 1
LÆKNAblaðið/Fylgirit 91 2017/103 83
Results: Results show vasodilaton effect for ASA and SA on UA and
MA. Interestingly ASA´s and SA´s efficacy on UA decreased with dose in
gravid rats, but increased in non-gravid rats. This might suggest that the
onset of treatment should be initiated as early as possible in pregnancy.
However, in MA the effect was high both in gravid and non-gravid rats.
Conclusions: The results indicate that LD-ASA has great effect on uterine
vasculature and might play a critical role in regulating uterine vasculature
in rats. This might to some extent explain why LD-ASA therapy is effect-
ive as a prophylactic treatment in PE, especially if treatment is initiated
early in pregnancy.
V 71 Prevalence and predictors of negative birth experience in
Iceland: a longitudinal cohort study
Valgerður Lísa Sigurðardóttir1,2, Helga Gottfreðsdóttir1, 2, Herdís Sveinsdóttir1, 2,
Berglind Guðmundsdóttir1, 2, Jenny Gamble3
1Landspítali University Hospital, 2Faculty of Nursing, UI, 3Griffith University, Brisbane,
Australia
valgerds@hi.is
Background: The prevalence of negative birth experience varies between
7-35%. Although several risk factors for a negative birth experience have
been identified, little is known about if social and professional support
influences the birth experience over time.
Aim: To describe low risk women’s perception of their birth experience
up to two years after birth, and to detect predictors of a negative birth
experience in particular that of women´s satisfaction with support.
Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was conducted with a convenience
sample of pregnant women from 26 community health care centers. Data
was gathered using questionnaires at 16th week of pregnancy (T1, n=1111),
five to six months (T2, n=765) and 18-24 months after birth (T3, n=657).
Information about socio-demographic factors, reproductive history, birth
outcomes, social and midwifery support, depressive symptoms and birth
experience was collected. Binary logistic regression analysis was per-
formed to examine predictors of negative birth experience at T2 and T3.
Results: The prevalence of a negative birth experience was 5% at T2 and
5.7% at T3. Women who were not satisfied with midwifery support in
pregnancy and during birth were more likely to have negative birth ex-
perience than women who were satisfied with midwifery support at T2.
Being a student, any operative birth and perception of prolonged birth
predicted negative birth experience at T2 and T3.
Conclusions: Perception of negative birth experience was relatively stable
during the study period. Perceived support from midwives during pregn-
ancy and birth has a significant impact on women´s perception of their
birth experience.
V 72 Caries Prevalence in Icelandic 6-Year-Olds
Peter Holbrook1, Christopher Scott2, John Shapiro2, Christine Riedy2
1Faculty of Odontology, UI, 2Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University
phol@hi.is
Objectives: This study aims to (1) assess the association between risk
factors to development of caries in Icelandic 6-year-olds (2) identi-
fy potential contributing factors to any observed regional differences.
Methods: Using data from the Oral Health Survey, a representative
stratified random cluster sample of 744 Icelandic 6-year-olds was exa-
mined for caries prevalence using the International Caries Detection
and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria. Participants were also sur-
veyed with respect to socioeconomic factors, oral hygiene habits, and
region of dwelling. This study assessed caries severity using mean
D1-6MFT. A one-way ANOVA with post hoc testing was conduct-
ed to identify statistically significant differences between regions.
A multiple regression was run to predict D1-6MFT from household
income, tooth brushing frequency, sugared soda consumption, candy
consumption, dental check-up frequency, and whether the child rinsed
with water after brushing. All data were analyzed using SPSS (v.23).
Results: Mean D1-6MFT scores (±SD) in Reykjavik, fishing villages, and
farming communities were 2.84±3.65, 4.29±4.01, and 2.68±3.94, respect-
ively. Fishing villages had significantly higher caries than Reykjavik
(p<0.0001), and farming communities (p=0.032). There were few cariogenic
contributing factors that mirrored regional differences, and multiple ana-
lyses suggested that fishing villages had the lowest cariogenic predictors.
Conclusion: The multiple regression demonstrated that the six examined
variables were all significantly correlated with D1-6MFT. These variables
predicted D1-6MFT, F(6,515)=12.993, p<0.0005, adjusted R2=0.103.
V 73 Samsvörun milli alvarleika á tannátu meðal 12 og 15 ára barna
(DMFT/DMFS) og tannátu í lykiltönnum
Svanhvít D. Sæmundsdóttir
Tannlæknadeild Háskóla Íslands
sds18@hi.is
Tilgangur: Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að skoða staðsetningu og
dreifingu tannátu og kanna hvort hægt sé að benda á lykiltennur eða fleti
tanna við greiningu á tannátu hjá 12 og 15 ára börnum í gögnum MUNNÍS.
Efniviður og aðferðir: Gögn um tannátu (DMFT) hjá 12 og 15 ára börnum,
sem skoðuð voru í MUNNÍS 2005, voru greind með dreifingu á tannátu
hjá 1.388 einstaklingum og mögulegar lykiltennur prófaðar. Greining á
tannátu var annars vegar sjónræn og hins vegar sjónræn með röntgen-
myndum (besta skoðun). Notuð var núll þanin Poisson aðhvarfsgreining,
kí-kvaðrat próf, Kappa og næmni og sértækni til að meta gögnin.
Niðurstöður: Það eru sex ára jaxlar sem oftast hafa orðið fyrir tannátu
hjá bæði 12 og 15 ára börnunum. Ef litið er til framtanna í efri gómi eru
hliðarframtennurnar þær sem eru í mestri áhættu fyrir tannátu hjá báð-
um aldurshópum. Framtennur neðri góms verða minnst fyrir tannátu hjá
þessum aldurshópum. Hjá 15 ára börnunum eru 12 ára jaxlarnir næst á
eftir 6 ára jöxlunum hvað varðar áhrif tannátu á þá. Þegar fjórir til átta jaxl-
ar eru skoðaðir sjónrænt og borið saman við bestu skoðun verður næmi
þess 69-77 og Kappa 0,53-0,63. Skimun á öllum tönnum gefur næmið 78,8
og Kappa 0,65 samanbori við bestu skoðun í gögnum MUNNÍS.
Ályktun: Sex og tólf ára jaxlar eru ekki góðir mælikvarðar fyrir skimun á
tannátu. Gæði skimunar með sjónrænni skoðun eru ekki það góð að rétt-
lætanlegt sé að benda á ákveðnar lykiltennur fyrir þannig skimun.
V 74 Kviðarklofi og naflastrengshaull: nýgengi, áhættuþættir,
sjúkdómsgangur og árangur meðferðar
Kristín F. Reynisdóttir1, Þórður Þórkelsson2, Þráinn Rósmundsson3
1Læknadeild Háskóla Íslands, 2vökudeild Barnaspítala Hringsins, 3Barnaspítala Hringsins,
Landspítala
kristinfjola@gmail.com
Inngangur: Kviðarklofi (gastroschisis) og naflastrengshaull (omphalocele)
eru meðfæddir gallar þar sem hluti kviðarholslíffæra liggur utan kviðar.
Tvær aðferðir eru notaðar hér á landi til meðferðar: tafarlaus lokun og
síðkomin lokun í þrepum. Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að kanna ný-