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Ægir - 01.09.1992, Síða 12

Ægir - 01.09.1992, Síða 12
452 ÆGIR 9/92 Caspian Seals. Phoca hispidda Screber, 1775; Phoca sibirica Gemlin, 1788 and Phoca caspica Gemlin, 1788. Kafli 2. In Ridgway, S.H. and R.J. Harrison, 1981 (eds.). Handbook of Marine Mammals. Volume 2 Seals Academic Press. London. Harwood, J. 1987. Competition between seals and fisheries. Sci. Prog. Oxf. 71,249-437. Harwood, J. and J.P. Croxall, 1988. The assessment of competition between seals and commercial fis- heries in the North Sea and the Antarctic. Marine mammal Science 4(1 ):12-33. Harwood, J. and J.J.D.Greenwood, 1985. Competit- ion between British grey seals and fisheries. Kafli 10. In Beddington, J.R. , R.J.H. Beverton and D.M. Lavigne, 1985 Marine Mammals and Fisheries. George Allen end Unwin Publ. London, 354 bls. Harwood, J. and A.R. Hiby. The effects of variation in population parameters on the energy requirem- ents of a hypothetical grey seal population. Kafli 20. In Beddington, J.R. , R.J.H. Beverton and D.M. Lavigne, 1985 Marine Mammals and Fisheries. George Allen and Unwin Publ. London, 354 bls. Harkönen, T.J. , 1988. Food-habitat relationship of harbour seals and black cormorants in Skagerak Kattegat. J. Zool. , Lond. 214:673-681 Haug, T. , A. B. Kröyer, K.T. Nilssen, K.l. Ugland, and P.E. Aspholm. 1991. Harp seal (Phoca groen- landica invasions on Norwegian coastal waters: age composition and feeding habits. ICES J. mar. Sci., 48:363-371. Innes, S. , D.M. Lavigne, W.m. Earle and K.M. Kovacs, 1987. Feeding rates of seals and whales. Journel of Animal Ecology 56:11 5-1 30. Kapel, F.O. and L.A. Angantyr, 1989. Feeding patt- erns of harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) in coastal waters of West Greenland, with note on off-shore feeding. I.C.E.S. Marine Mammals Committee /N:6. Kastalein, R.A. , P.R. Wiepkema and N. Vaughan, 1990. The food consumption of Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in humane care. Aquatic Mammals 15, 4:171-180. Keiver, K.M. , K. Ronald, and F.W.H. Beamish, 1984. Metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance and faecal and urinary losses of juvenile harp seals (Phoca groenlandica). Can. J. Zool. 62,5:769-776. Lavigne, D.m. , S. Innes, R.E.A. Stewart and G.A.J. Worthy, 1985. An annual energy budget for north- west Atlantic harp seals. Kafli 19. In Beddington, J.R. , R.J.H. Beverton and D.M. Lavigne, 1985 Marine Mammals and Fisheries. George Allen and Unwin Publ. London, 354 bls. Lowry, L.F. , K.J. Fost, ancl J.J. Burns, 1980. Van- ability in the Diet of Ringed Seals, Phoca hispida’ in Alaska. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:2254-226!• Lydersen, C. , L.A. Angantyr, Ö. Wiig, and T. Orits- land, 1991. Feeding habits og Northern Atlantic harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) along the summfí ice edge of the Barents Sea. Can. J. Fish. Aqua1- Sci. 48.2180-2183. Nilssen, K.T. , T. Haug and V. Potelov, 1991- Fie studies of harp seal Phoca groenlandica d|Stl' bution and feeding ecology in the Barents Sea 111 September 1990. l.C.E.SS. Marine Mammas Committe /N:3. Nilssen, K.T. , P.E. Grotnes and T. Haug, 1992. The effect of invading harp seals (Phoca groenlandicð) on local coastal fish stocs of North Norway- F|S heries Research 13:25-37. Pitcher, K.W. , 1980. Stomach content and feces aS indivators of harbor seal, Phoca vitulina, foods 1,1 The Gulf of Alaska. Fihery Bulletin 78,3:797-798- Randall R. R. and J.K. Ling, 1981. Hooded Seal- C! stophora cristata Erxleben, 1777. Kafli 7. Ridgway, S.H. and R.J. Harrison, 1981 (eeS' Handbook of Marine Mammals. Volume 2 Sea Academic Press. London. Renouf, D and E. Noseworthy, 1990. Feeding cyc es in captive harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)'■ weig gain in spite of reduced food intake and increase thermal demands. Mar. Behav. Phys 17:203-212. Ronald, K. and P.J. Healey, 1981. Harp Seal. Pd°c groenlandica Erxleben, 1777. kafli 3. In Ridg'vaG S.H. and R.J. Harrison, 1981 (eds.) Handbook e Marine Mammals. Volume 2 Seals. Academ1 Press. London. R Ronald, K. , K.M. Keiver, F.W.H. Beamish, and ^ Frank, 1984. Energy requirements for maintenan and fecal and urinary losses of the greY 5 (Halichoerus grypus). Can. J. Zoo 62,6:1101-1105. r Thompson, P.M. and D. Miller, 1990. S.umP1 foraging activity and movements of radio-taghe common seals (Phoca vitulina L.) in the N10 ‘ Firth, Scotland. J. Appl. Ecol. 27:492-501. ^ Worthy, G.A.J. , 1987. Metabolism and grovVt o| young harp and grey seals. Can. J- ^ 65:1377-1382. . e Öritsland, N.A. and N.H. Markussen, 1990. Out ^ of a physiological based model for popula dynamics. Ecol. Modelling, 52:267-288.

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