AVS. Arkitektúr verktækni skipulag - 01.12.2004, Qupperneq 23

AVS. Arkitektúr verktækni skipulag - 01.12.2004, Qupperneq 23
The Implementation of Planning in Reykjavík Steinunn Valdís Óskarsdóttir, Chairman of the Planning and Building Committee Photos: Gatnamálastofa. During a relatively short period Reykjavík has changed from a town to a city with the accompanying consequences, both positive and negative. Around the middle of the last century the city experienced rapid inward growth. New districts were built like Hlíðar, Melar, Tún, Vogar, Lækir and Sund. Much expansion took place in all areas and in the 70s and 80s the sub- urbs of the city were built, Árbær, Breiðholt and later Grafarvogur and Grafarholt. Built areas within the city limits have expanded enormously during a few decades. The inclina- tion has been to always take new land for development in new dis- tricts as it is almost always the sim- plest and quickest way to develop new housing districts. This inclina- tion can also be put in a social con- text. A young urban society that had become relatively affluent after the Second World War was now ready to expand, invest in new and larger houses with more space than previ- ously - and the advent of the private car “reduced" the distance between home and work. in this way we see that the oldest districts of the city are in Kvos, Vesturbær and Þingholt, the districts that came about before car ownership became common, and where some of the largest den- sities are to be found. The density is also considerable in the districts that were built around the middle of the 20th century and it is first in the new suburbs that were built in the 60s and 70s that development becomes less dense. The reason for this is that it is cheaper for develop- ers to build in the suburbs, as will be covered later. If densities of sev- eral districts are compared (number of dwellings / hectare) it becomes clear that in Vesturbær there are on average 34,9 dwellings per hectare, in the Hlíðar district 28,9/ha in the Staðar district 10/ha and in the Foldir district on average 12,5/ha. In the next development district of Reykjavík, Úlfarsárdalur, the density is considerably higher than has been the case in the suburbs or 32 dwellings/ha. In the approved Development Plan for Reykjavík increased densities are a key issue because people are becoming more and more aware of various negative effects of low densities. This does however not Ibúðarsvæði á Grafarholti. / The Grafarholt housing area.
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