Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.1987, Page 56

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WHEN, HOW, AND WHENCE?
replaced by a taxation law (»Outfield
Law«). In 1873 a taxation survey was car-
ried out (Anon. 1973) which changed the
value of some of the in- and outfields.
The latest impact on the Faroese biota
was made when plantations were started to
be established around 1900. Cuttings were
brought in, mainly from Denmark, but also
from other countries (Ødum 1979). In
addition to foreign elements in the soil
fauna which were possibly brought to the
islands in this way, the plantations have be-
come sites for forest species (mainly birds,
Bengtson and Bloch 1983, aphids, Heie
Fig. 3. Immigration paths of terrestrial invertebrate taxa to the Faroe Islands during different periods after the first
immigration phase. Driftwood arrived from the American continent and the northern part of Eurasia and still does
(thick arrow = ocean currents). Human communications (thin arrows) existed from about AD 850 onwards; first
with Shetiand and western Norway, and later (especially during the trade monopoly) with Danish areas. Inter-
mittent contacts occurred with the Orkney Island, the Hebrides, perheps Ireland (and occasionally with Iceland).
In addition, immigration by aerial dispersal (mostly from a S-SE-E direction) has occurred continously.