Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði - 01.01.2018, Side 95

Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði - 01.01.2018, Side 95
úthlutun sagna. Að auki er sýnt fram á að breytingin breiðist út frá einu orði til annars í samræmi við dreifingu málbreytinga í orðasafni (e. lexical diffusion). summary ‘Semantically and syntactically conditioned changes in Faroese prepositional phrases’ Keywords: semantically conditioned restructurings, accusative as default case, case loss, prepositions, structural case, thematic case and idiosyncratic case, lexical diffusion In this article I use the Case Directionality Hypothesis (CDH) to explain changes that happen with certain prepositional phrases in Faroese (FA), and I show that the hypothesis predicts in which direction the changes will go. This means that the changes go from the- matic case to structural case and from idiosyncratic case to thematic case. Note that lexical case includes idiosyncratic lexical case and thematic lexical case. Thematic dative case is slowly disappearing from FA, and structural accusative case is gaining ground. This change is an ongoing one. The result will presumably be that FA will only have two cases, the nominative and an oblique case. In Modern FA, dative objects are gradually being replaced by accusative objects (thematic case to structural case); this is in accordance with other changes in the language, which show that the accusative stands strong, as can be seen by the fact that it replaces the genitive in possession constructions with complements in the accusative, which is a change from idiosyncratic lexical case to structural case. The same happens when complements in the genitive are replaced by accusative, as with the preposition ímillum where accusative occurs although locative- dative would have been expected. In spite of these changes, the dative does have a strong status as complement of other dative prepositions as shown with examples of hjá ‘with’ and frá ‘from’, and studies of IO/DO constructions show the same. With regard to certain prepositions, two changes are presently happening in Modern FA. One is that complex prepositional phrases with -fyri as their head are changing from idiosyncratic accusative to thematic dative. The reason behind this change is that the semantic role locative is associated with dative. The other change is one from thematic dative case to structural accusative case. This occurs partly with NP complements of the preposition nærhendis ‘close to’. This is an incipient change, which is expected given changes otherwise observed in the language, namely that the structural case is gaining ground. Generally it should be noted that the changes discussed here are in accordance with the CDH that is intended to explain case changes with the complements of verbs. Additionally it is shown that the change is one of lexical diffusion. Hjalmar P. Petersen Fróðskaparsetur Føroya, Føroyamálsdeildin V.U. Hammershaimbs gøtu 22 FO-100 Tórshavn hjalmar@setur.fo Semantisk og syntaktisk styrede forandringer i færøske præpositionsfraser 95
Side 1
Side 2
Side 3
Side 4
Side 5
Side 6
Side 7
Side 8
Side 9
Side 10
Side 11
Side 12
Side 13
Side 14
Side 15
Side 16
Side 17
Side 18
Side 19
Side 20
Side 21
Side 22
Side 23
Side 24
Side 25
Side 26
Side 27
Side 28
Side 29
Side 30
Side 31
Side 32
Side 33
Side 34
Side 35
Side 36
Side 37
Side 38
Side 39
Side 40
Side 41
Side 42
Side 43
Side 44
Side 45
Side 46
Side 47
Side 48
Side 49
Side 50
Side 51
Side 52
Side 53
Side 54
Side 55
Side 56
Side 57
Side 58
Side 59
Side 60
Side 61
Side 62
Side 63
Side 64
Side 65
Side 66
Side 67
Side 68
Side 69
Side 70
Side 71
Side 72
Side 73
Side 74
Side 75
Side 76
Side 77
Side 78
Side 79
Side 80
Side 81
Side 82
Side 83
Side 84
Side 85
Side 86
Side 87
Side 88
Side 89
Side 90
Side 91
Side 92
Side 93
Side 94
Side 95
Side 96
Side 97
Side 98
Side 99
Side 100
Side 101
Side 102
Side 103
Side 104
Side 105
Side 106
Side 107
Side 108
Side 109
Side 110
Side 111
Side 112
Side 113
Side 114
Side 115
Side 116
Side 117
Side 118
Side 119
Side 120
Side 121
Side 122
Side 123
Side 124
Side 125
Side 126
Side 127
Side 128
Side 129
Side 130
Side 131
Side 132
Side 133
Side 134
Side 135
Side 136
Side 137
Side 138
Side 139
Side 140
Side 141
Side 142
Side 143
Side 144
Side 145
Side 146
Side 147
Side 148
Side 149
Side 150
Side 151
Side 152
Side 153
Side 154
Side 155
Side 156
Side 157
Side 158
Side 159
Side 160
Side 161
Side 162
Side 163
Side 164
Side 165
Side 166
Side 167
Side 168
Side 169
Side 170
Side 171
Side 172
Side 173
Side 174
Side 175
Side 176
Side 177
Side 178
Side 179
Side 180
Side 181
Side 182
Side 183
Side 184
Side 185
Side 186
Side 187
Side 188
Side 189
Side 190
Side 191
Side 192
Side 193
Side 194
Side 195
Side 196
Side 197
Side 198
Side 199
Side 200
Side 201
Side 202
Side 203
Side 204
Side 205
Side 206
Side 207
Side 208
Side 209
Side 210
Side 211
Side 212
Side 213
Side 214
Side 215
Side 216
Side 217
Side 218
Side 219
Side 220
Side 221

x

Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði

Direkte link

Hvis du vil linke til denne avis/magasin, skal du bruge disse links:

Link til denne avis/magasin: Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði
https://timarit.is/publication/832

Link til dette eksemplar:

Link til denne side:

Link til denne artikel:

Venligst ikke link direkte til billeder eller PDfs på Timarit.is, da sådanne webadresser kan ændres uden advarsel. Brug venligst de angivne webadresser for at linke til sitet.