AVS. Arkitektúr verktækni skipulag - 01.12.2004, Side 27

Helstu áherslupunktarnir eru:
• Borgirnar tengist öflugu
og skilvirku neti.
• Viðhalda frjórri samkeppni
en jafnframt keppast þær
að því að styðja hvor aðra
og auka samvinnu.
• Leggja markvisst af mörk-
um til að bæta lífsskilyrði
íbúanna og neytenda.
• Samþætta manngerðu og nátt-
úrufarslegu þætti umhverfisins.
Jafnframt er þar að finna yfirlit um
helstu málefni og krefjandi viðfangs-
efni sem knýja að dyrum borga
við upphaf nýrrar aldar. Loks er
fjallað um þær kröfur sem gerð-
ar eru til skipulagsfræðinga til að
þessi sýn verði að veruleika. Lögð
er áhersla á mikilvægi skipulags-
fræðingsins í þessum breytingaferli.
Skipulagsfræðingar gegna veigam-
iklu hlutverki við samhæfingu, miðlun
og það að gera þróun mögulega.
Skipulagsfræðingurinn þarf að leggja
til framtíðarsýn fyrir borgir í samvinnu
við þá sem koma að skipulagsferlin-
um á ýmsum stigum, jafnt á staðn-
um sem og í samvinnu milli þjóða. ■
Net borga./A network of cities.
Icelandic Planning in an
biternational Context
Planning deals with the environment
of people. It creates the framework
for the daily life of the inhabitants.
Planning enters all aspects of our
daily life where we live, work or
spend our spare time. Planning is
therefore very important for the well
being of us all. Planning reflects the
emphasis of society at any given
time. By looking at the planning of
urban areas one can discern the
economic, technical and social
incentives at the back of its crea-
tion. With increased progress the
demands for better conditions
increases and this in turn leads to
new and better solutions in plan-
ning. In this way one can say that
with the advent of planning in
lceland the lcelanders were moved
from the traditional turfhouse envi-
ronment to a western urban envi-
ronment. The first planning law in
lceland was enacted early in lceland
compared to many other countries.
It took effect in 1921 and put heavy
emphasis on better conditions for
the general public. In them one can
see the influence of the Garden City
Movement that appeared in England
around the turn of the 20th century,
with the goal of improving the indus-
trial city. The next big step was the
revision of this law in 1964 where
systematic planning was introduced
which emphasised the importance
Sigríöur Kristjánsdóttir, Planner
of the private car. This time the ideo-
logy was imported from Denmark.
Although one can sometimes
think that we are still at this stage
one must not forget that progress
continues. We are still influenced
by what is happening elsewhere.
After the Bruntland report in 1987
and the Rio Conference one can
distinctly see increased emphasis
on ecological planning in lceland.
With lcelands approval of the Kyoto
agreement one can expect still
increased emphasis on environ-
mental issues and particularly the
decrease of greenhouse gases.
This development is in accordance
with the change in emphasis that
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