Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.2001, Page 126

Fróðskaparrit - 01.01.2001, Page 126
130 BREEDING DISTRIBUTION AND NUMBERS OF WREN (TROGLODYTES TROGLODYTES) IN THE FAROEISLANDS sea cliffs that are several hundred meters high can usually be heard from a boat be- low or from the top of the cliff, but the ex- act positions of the individual males are of- ten difficult to pinpoint. While the counts from the infields, provided the circum- stances {e.g. season, time of day, number of visits, weather) during census-taking were favourable, are considered reasonably ac- curate, those from cliffs and some other outfield sites are of unknown accuracy. In addition to the plotting of singing males, observations of fledged young (es- pecially in July when the family still keeps together and the food-begging youngs are easily located) and single birds were also noted. In calculating the total numbers I have simply added the estimates for each unit of area. For places visited in two or more years the estimate was given as the lowest and highest numbers. A field-note saying ”at least 2 males” or 2+ was in the end put down as 2-3 males. The final totals for the islands and the Faroes are thus based on ob- servations from different years and can be seen as a sort of overall average for the past 20 years. The estimates are given as num- ber of pairs, although the censuses mostly refer to singing males and no corrections for unpaired males (not uncommon) or polygamous males (rarely found in the Faroes; pers.obs.) have been made. All es- timates are considered conservative. Each plotted pair was assigned to one of four habitats; viz. settlements, infields, out- fields, and sea cliffs. The settlements, lo- cated within the infields, may consist of anything from a single farmstead or small cluster of houses to a small village (< 50 houses) or a town (the largest, the capital Tórshavn, has about 15000 inhabitants) with gardens, sometimes small plantations, a church and graveyard, patches of grass- land, often a small stream coming down from the hills, houses for stores, boats etc. In this context the settlement habitat is re- stricted to the built-up area. The infield habitat is here defined as the cultivated land surrounding the settlement often with some solitary, old, sometimes delapidate houses for sheep and cattle, barns and crofts made of stones, or modem buildings made of wood or concrete. The perimeter, and boundary between infield and outfield, is often a stone wall or modem sheep fence. Parts of the infield are often intersected with dykes. The outfields as a habitat cate- gory are here defined as all areas outside the infields, with vertical cliffs, gjáir, mountain sides with ledges and screes and often boulder-fields further down, steep grassland slopes intersected with ravines and small brooks, and some scattered hous- es like those in the infield. The fourth habi- tat, the sea cliffs, is defined as the more or less vertical, in some places several hun- dred meters high, cliffs facing the sea, with ledges and crevices (incl. gjáir) and often with numerous rocks and boulders above the high-water mark. The habitat classifica- tion adopted is based on the geographical position of the birds rather than characteris- tics assumed to fulfil the requirements of the wrens. This was out of necessity since time did not permit me to follow individu- als long enough to assess the limits of their territories.Thus, a number of border-cases
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