Náttúrufræðingurinn

Ukioqatigiit

Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1986, Qupperneq 63

Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1986, Qupperneq 63
árið 1783. — Safn til sögu íslands 4: 58-69. Hið íslenska bókmenntafélag, Kaupmannahöfn og Reykjavík. Lister, C.R.B. 1972. On the thermal bal- ance of a mid-ocean ridge. - Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc. 26: 515—535. Lister, C.R.B. 1974. On the penetration of water into hot rock. — Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc. 39: 465—509. Lister, C.R.B. 1976. Qualitative theory on the hot end of geothermal systems. - Proc. 2nd U.N. Symp. on Develop- ment and Use of Geothermal Resourc- es: 459—463. Lister, C.R.B. 1977. Qualitative models of spreading-center processes, including hydrothermal penetration. — Tecton- ophysics 37: 203—218. Sveinbjörn Björnsson. 1966. Electric dist- urbances and charge generation at the volcano Surtsey. — Surtsey Res. Progr. Rep. 2: 155-161. Surtseyjarfélagið, Reykjavík. Sveinbjörn Björnsson, D.C. Blanchard & A.T. Spencer. 1967. Charge generation due to contact of saline waters with molten lava. — J. Geophys. Res. 72: 1311-1323. Volta, A. 1782. Of the method of render- ing very sensible the weakest natural or artificial electricity. — Phil. Trans. 72: 7-33. White, D.E. 1968. Hydrology, activity and heat flow of the Steamboat Springs thermal system, Washoe County, Ne- vada. - U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 458G. 109 bls. Woodcock, A.H. & A.T. Spencer. 1961. Lava—sea—air contact areas as sources of sea-salt particles in the atmosphere. — J. Geophys. Res. 66: 2873—2887. Þorbjörn Sigurgeirsson. 1982. Hagnýting hraunhita. í: Eldur er í norðri, afmælis- rit helgað Sigurði Pórarinssyni, bls. 437-441. Sögufélag, Reykjavík. Þorsteinn Magnússon. 1907—1915. Relatio um Jöklabrunann fyrir austan 1625. — Safn til sögu íslands 4: 200—215. Hið íslenska bókmenntafélag, Kaupmanna- höfn og Reykjavík. SUMMARY Earth, water, air and fire t»y Sveinbjörn Björnsson Raunvísindastofnun Háskólans, Dunhaga 3, Reykjavík Intense electrical activity, lightning and corona discharge often accompany phrea- tic eruptions. Studies of these phenomena during the Surtsey eruption led to the con- clusion that the electrical activity results from charge generation when water is splashed on hot lava. The contact of water with magma in craters causes phreatic explosions. The contact of water with intrusions which occurs under pressurized conditions is generally not as violent, but that process appears to be of fundamental importance for efficient heat extraction from hot rocks. 269
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