Ljósmæðrablaðið - 15.04.2002, Side 33
tengjast beint við starfsemi betafruma í
brisi í fósturlífi. Þá er talið að óeðlileg
umbrotsefni frá móður geti haft áhrif á
þroskun taugakerfis en það virðist vera
minni háttar ef sykurstjórnun er þokkaleg
og barnið fær eðlilega örvun. Mæður
þessara barna þurfa að vera meðvitaðar
um þessi tengsl svo þær geti alið barnið
upp við góðar matarvenjur og reglulega
hreyfingu. Brjóstagjöf minnkar líkur á
offitu barns síðar á ævinni og mögulega
i?nnig líkur á að barnið fái sykursýki (40).
Framtíðin
t mæðravernd á Islandi þarf að taka
ákvörðun um skipulag skimunar fyrir
meðgöngusykursýki. Mikilvægt er að efla
næringarráðgjöf til allra þungaðra kvenna
og fræða konur um gildi hreyfingar og
mikilvægi þess að halda kjörþyngd til að
halda góðri heilsu í framtíðinni.
Þakkir
Reynir Tómas Geirsson og Astráður B.
Hreiðarsson fá sérstakar þakkir fyrir lestur
handrits og góðar ábendingar.
Heimildaskrá
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Hreiðarsson Áb, Sigfússon N. Prevalence and incidence
of NIDDM in Iceland: Evidence for Stable Incidence
Among Males and Females 1967-1991. The Reykjavík
Study. Diabetic Medicine 1997;14:491-98.
3. Hreiðarsson ÁB. Centralized Care Takes Effect in
Iceland. Diabetes Voice. 1999;44:17-18.
4. Heilbrigðis og tryggingamálaráðuneytið, Eggert
Sigfússon.Birt í Mbl. 29.7.2001.
5. Casson I, Clarke C, Howard C, et.al. Outcomes of
pregnancy in insulin dependent diabetic women: results
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78.
6. O'Sullivan JB. Diabetes Mellitus after GDM. Diabetes
40:131,1991.
7. O’Rahilly, Spivey RS, Holman RR, et. al. Type II
diabetes of early onset: a distinct clinical and genetic
syndrome? Br Med J 1987; 294:923.
8. Kristinsson SY, Þórólfsdóttir ET, Talseth B, et.al.
MODY in Ieland is associated with mutationsa in HNF-
alfa and a novel mutation in NeuroDl. Diabetologica
2001:44:2098-2103.
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Resnik R (eds). Maternal Fetal Medicine, Principles and
Practice, WB Saunders Company, 1994, p.934-978.
10. Vadheim CM, Rotter JI, Maclaren NK, et. al.
Preferential transmission of diabetic alleles within the
HLA gene complex. N Engl J Med 1986:315:1314.
11. Yen SSC. Metabolic homeostasis during pregnancy.
In Yen SSC, Jaffe RF (eds). Reproductive Endocrinology.
Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company 1978.
12. Phelps RL, Metzger BE, Freinkel N. Carbohydrate
metabolism in pregnancy, XVIII: Diurnal profiles of
plamsa glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, triglycerides,
cholesterol and indivudial amino acids in late normal
pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 140:730, 1981
13. Freinkel N. Effects of the conceptus on maternal
metabolism during pregnancy. In: Leibel BS, Wrensall
GA (eds). On the nature and Treatment of Diabetes.
Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1964.
14. American Diabetes Association. Principles of nutrition
and dietary recommendations for individuals with diabetes
mellitus. Diabetes Care 1979:2:520.
15. Reece EA. The history of diabetes mellitus. In: Reece
EA, Coustan DR, eds. Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy,
principles and practice. Edinburgh, Churchill-Livingstone,
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16. Reynir Tómas Geirsson. Meðganga hjá konum með
sykursýki; yfirlit um sykursýki í meðgöngu á íslandi
1981-1990. Ljósmæðrablaðið 1992;70:21-28.
17. Diamond MP, Shah DM, Hester RA, et.al.
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18. Ylinen K, Aula P, Stenman Y-H, Kesaniemi-Kokkanen
T, Teramo K. Risk of minor and major fetal malformations
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pregnancy. Br Med J 1984:289:345.
19. Miiler E, Hare JW, Cloherty JP, et. ai. Elevated
maternal hemoglobin Alc in early pregnancy and major
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20. Hawthorne G, Robson S, Ryall E, et.al. Prospective
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23. Centers for Disease Control. Recommendations for
the use of folic acid to reduce the number of cases of
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