Náttúrufræðingurinn

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Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1999, Qupperneq 28

Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1999, Qupperneq 28
mannanna. Tilvitnun sýnir að tímaritsgreinin hefur verið lesin af vísindamönnum á sama sviði og er því talin hafa vægi. Grunnurinn getur aðeins fyrsta höfundar og gefur honum þannig einum tilvitnun og framlag annarra kemur ekki fram. A hinn bóginn fær einn einstakur höfundur að grein ekki meiri viðurkenningu en fyrsti höfundur í stórum hópi. Hins vegar má sjá á skráningu í Medline að langoftast er rannsóknarvinna hópstarf og röð höfunda breytileg frá einu verkefni til annars. Hefð er fyrir því að eldri (senior) vísindamenn færist aftar í höfunda- röð og er þeirra þá ekki getið í SCl. Tilvitnanir í eigin verk eru algengar og oft áberandi í upphafi ferils ungra vísinda- manna, en slíkt skekkir ekki heildarmyndina sem neinu nemur. Einnig sjást gagnkvæmar tilvitnanir innan ákveðinna hópa þegar menn vinna á nátengdum sviðum. Með samanburði á ritlista manna og SCI er augljóst að oft er mikið misræmi milli annars vegar fjölda birtra greina höfunda (jafnvel doktorsritgerða) og hins vegar fjölda tilvitn- ana í verk þeirra. Yfirleitt eru það aðeins fáar greinar af heildarritsmíðum einstakra fræði- manna sem vitnað er í af öðrum vísinda- mönnum. Álykta má að tilvitnanir vísindamanna í verk annarra séu jafnan til marks um jákvætt mat á gildi vísindaverksins og tákni viður- kenningu og því sé Science Citation Index mikilvægur mælikvarði á vægi og langtíma- gildi vísindavinnu. ■ HEIMILDIR Bjarni Sæmundsson 1897. Um fiskirannsóknir 1896, skýrsla til landshöfðingja. Andvari 22. 96-172. Lárus Einarson 1932. A method for program- ming selected staining of Nissl and nuclear substance in nerve cells. Am. J. Pathol. 8. 295. May, R.M. 1997. The Scientific Wealth of Na- tions. SCIENCE 275. 793-796. N.N. 1992. Rannsóknir í félagsvísindadeild. Fréttabréf Háskóla Islands 14. 13-14. Þorvaldur Thoroddsen 1892. Postglaciale marine Aflejringer, Kystterrasser og Strandlinjer i Is- land. Geografisk tidsskrift 11. 209-225. i.1 SUMMARY Value ef The Science Citation Index Scientific research is one of the very important requirements in the evaluation of professionals, separate from the in-depth knowledge in their fields and leadership and teaching abilities. Evaluation of scientific research is, in the first instance, based on publications of peer review papers in reputable journals. Long-term impact cannot be evaluated immediately but a citation of a scientific paper is generally considered a sig- nificant indicator of the value of the research. The purpose of the present study was to evalu- ate the worth of the Science Citation Index(SCI) for the assessment of scientific work. SCI is a database that goes back to 1945, ini- tially published in book-form but now also in computerised form. The first author of a paper cited by other scientists in their publications in scientific journals is recorded. This survey covered citations of papers by 600 Icelandic scientists, particularly medical doctors and geologists, working both in Iceland and abroad. Most have performed at least part if not all of their scientific work abroad. Quota- tions of the work of 490 individuals were found. The results are shown in tables and figures. The distribution ranged from 1 to 3,800 citations, the median was 33. Surprisingly, the most fre- quently quoted individual was a mathematician, the second a botanist. Only 29.2% of the scientists achieved more than 100 citations, 15.1% more than 200, 3.7% more than 500, 2.9% more than 1,000, and 1 % more than 1,500 citations. The SCI shows well the duration of the cita- tions; some scientists are quoted long after their death while others cease to be quoted during their active life. The Science Citation Index showed good cor- relation with the work of well-known Icelandic scientists, and it can be concluded that it is a valuable tool in assessing the value of scientific contributions. PÓSTFANG HÖFUNDAR/AuTHOR's AdDRESS Birgir Guðjónsson Álftamýri 51 IS-108Reykjavík bghav @ mmedia.is 26
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