Náttúrufræðingurinn

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Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1981, Blaðsíða 10

Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1981, Blaðsíða 10
(DDT, DDD, DDE, alfa-beta- and gamma- HCH, HCB and PCBs). The samples were subjected to extraction with organic solvents (acetone, toluene, petroleumbenzin) in various mixtures, whether the extracts were used for fat determination or for gas chromatographic determination of thc above mentioned organochlorine com- pounds by a procedure perviously described. Adequate blank samples (without fish flesh) were also run. The results were expressed as ng/g fat (the same was true for salmon fry). DDT, DDD and thc bcta- and gamma- isomers of HCH wcre not found in any samples of trout, charr or salmon fry at all (detection liinits 5—10 ng/g). DDE was found around thc detection limit in charr from Lakc Apavatn only. Greater amounts were found in salmon fry from threc rivers. In the trout and charr the levels of PCBs appcared to be around the detection limit (100 ng/g) or in the range of 100 — 200 ng/g. In salmon fry from thrce rivers the amounts of PCBs were somewhat higher or 200—400 ng/g- l ablcs I and II show thc numbers of trout and charr caught, fat pcrccntagc, body weight and contents of HCB and alfa-HCH determined in the fish from five lakes and Lakc Apavatn, respectively. The levels of IICB were similar in fish from all six lakes (Table I) and similar amounts were also found in salnion fry. In Lakc Apavatn thc levels of alfa-HCH in charr (Table II) were on an averge much higher than in fish from the other lakes or in the salmon fry. The charr from Lake Apavatn werc also signi- ficanlly fatlcr than charr or trout from the other lakes. It was thought unlikcly that the high amounts of alfa-HCII were causally rclated to the high fat content sincc the le- vels of HCB were not increased. It was concludcd from the results prc- sented here, as well as from previous results (Jóhannes Skaftason & Torkell Jóhannesson 1979b), that the levels of alfa-HCH, HCB and PCBs in charr, trout and salmon fry in Iceland, and possibly also DDE, arc thc re- sult of global, airborne pollution, although local pollution due to alfa-HCH might be a contributory factor in somc localities. H EIMILDIR Brouks, G. T. 1974a. Chlorinated insecticides, Vol. I. CRC Prcss, Cleveland , Ohio. Brooks, G. T. 1974b. Chlorinated insecti- cides. Vol. II CRC Press, Cleveland, Ohio. Ilamelitik, /. L. & /I. Sþacie. 1977. Fish and chemicals: The process of accumulation. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 17:167-177. Ilayes, W. ]. 1975. Toxicology of pesticides. The Williants & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, Maryland. Interdeþarlmental Task Force on FCBs. 1972. Polychlorinated biphenyls and the en- vironment. National Technical In- formation Service. U. S. Departmcnt of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia. Jóhannes Skaftason. 19711. Aðferð til ákvörð- unar á nokkrum klórsamböndum (skor- dýraeitri) i fitu. Timarit um lyfjafræði 13:13-20. Jóhannes Skaftason & Þorkell Jóhannesson. 1979a. Tilraun með notkun lindans (hexicíðs) við gulrófnarækt. Garðyrkju- fréttir nr. 55 (Almennt cfni nr. 26). Jóhannes Skaftason & Þorkell Jóhannesson. 1979b. Organochlorine compounds (DDT, hexachlorocyclohexane, hexa- chlorobenzene) in Icelandic animal body fat and buttcr fat: Local and global sources of contamination. Acta pharma- col. et toxicol. 44:156— 157. Masahiro, O. & II. Takahisa. 1975. Alpha- and gamma-BHC in Tokyo rainwater (December 1968 to November 1969) Environ. Pollut. 9:283-288. Murphy, B. G. & /. V. Murphy. 1971. Corrcla- tions between respiration and direct up- lake of DDT in the mosquito fish (Gam- busia affinis). Bull. Environ, Contam. & Toxicol. 6:581-588. Niimi, A. S. 1979. HexacKÍorobenzene (IICB) lcvcls in Lake Ontario sammonids. Bull. Environ. Contam. & Toxicol. 23:20— 2024 Urone, P. 1976. The primary air pollutants- Gascous. Their ocurrence, sources, and effccts. Bls. 63 — 67 i Air pollution Vol. 1, ritstj.: A. C. Stern. Academic Press, New York. 104

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