Náttúrufræðingurinn

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Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1988, Qupperneq 31

Náttúrufræðingurinn - 1988, Qupperneq 31
Abstracts. Seventh conference of the Comité Arctique International, Reykja- vík 7.-13. sept. 1986. Bls. 10. Ingvi Þorsteinsson 1978. Gróður og land- nýting. Lesarkir Landverdar 3. 45 bls. Johnson, L. og K. Van Cleve 1976. Re- vegetation in arctic and subarctic North America. A literature review. CRREL Report 76-15. 32 bls. Ólafur Arnalds, Ása L. Aradóttir og Ingvi Þorsteinsson 1987. The nature and restoration of denuded areas in Ice- land. Arctic and Alpine Research 19. 518-525. Schaller, F.W. og P. Sutton (ritstj.) 1978. Reclamation of Drastically Disturbed Lands. American Society of Agro- nomy, Madison. 742 bls. Sturla Friðriksson 1960. Uppgræðsla og ræktun afréttarlanda. Árbók landbún- aðarins 11. 201-218. Sturla Friðriksson 1975. Surtsey. Evolu- tion of Life on a Volcanic Island. Butt- erworks, London. 198 bls. Sturla Friðriksson og Jóhann Pálsson 1970. Landgræðslutilraun á Sprengi- sandi. íslenskar landbúnaðarrannsókn- ir 2. 34-49 Sören Sörensen 1984. Ensk - íslensk orða- bók. Örn og Örlygur, Reykjavík. Woolf, H.B. (ritstj.) 1977. Websters New Collegiate Dictionary. G.&C. Merriam Company, Springfield. SUMMARY Revegetation and restoration: terminology, objectives and success Ólafur Arnalds Rannsóknastofnun landbúnaðarins 112 Keldnaholt, Reykjavík and Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A M University College Station, Texas 77843-2474, U.S.A. Iceland has suffered severe accelerated erosion since the settlement of the coun- try. The size of denuded areas in Iceland is estimated at about 40,000 km2 (Ingvi Þorsteinsson 1978). In this paper various aspects of revegetation and restoration are discussed, such as the terminology, goals and success of revegetation. The different implications of revegetation and restora- tion are emphasized and an Icelandic term for restoration is suggested. With refer- ence to Icelandic conditions, the following goals of revegetation are distinguished: Reclamation of disturbed areas. Aesthetic reasons. 3. Stabilization of moving sand. 4. Prevention of soil erosion. 5. Forage production. 6. Restoration of the ecology. The importance of distinguishing between these goals is stressed. An important rea- son for clarifying objectives is that the goals may dictate what revegetation tech- niques may or may not be used. Forage production and aesthetic values or eco- logical restoration are objectives that may well conflict under certain circumstances. The success of revegetation measures should be evalued in relation to well de- fined objectives. Restoration is often the ultimate goal of revegetation. Various restoration perspec- tives in Iceland have been reviewed (Ól- afur Arnalds et al. 1987). Natural restora- tion in Iceland is very slow, especially in the highlands. Further research is needed in order to be able to decide how best to restore the vast acreage of denuded areas in Iceland successfully and economically. 85
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