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Læknablaðið - 01.06.2015, Blaðsíða 31

Læknablaðið - 01.06.2015, Blaðsíða 31
LÆKNAblaðið 2015/101 319 ENgLISH SUMMArY Access to safe food is a privilege for people living in Iceland. Rapid increase in antimicrobial resistance, related to factory farming and anti- microbial use in agriculture, is a major threat to public health. Increasing food trade between countries and continents facilitates global spread of pathogens and resistance. Icelandic agriculture has benefitted from its isolation and small size. After interventions to reduce the prevalence of Campylobacter and Salmonella at poultry farms, the incidence of human campylobacteriolsis is 17-43/100.000, of which about half is domestically acquired and Salmonella infections 10-15/100.000 mainly acquired abroad. Since Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) has not been detected in domestic cattle, the low incidence of infections is not surprising (0-0.6/100.000/ year). A recent outbreak due to a multiresistant EHEC strain was traced to imported lettuce. Antimicrobial use in Icelandic agriculture is among the lowest in Europe and domestic infections caused by Salmonella and Campylobacter are rarely caused by resistant strains. Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae have not been found in Iceland. Low use of antimicrobials in Icelandic agriculture and actions to limit the spread of Campylobacter and Salmonella have been successful. The public should be informed of the importance of the origin of food and that Icelandic food products are among the safest. infection risks associated with importation of fresh food in iceland Karl G. Kristinsson1,2, Franklín Georgsson2,3 1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Landspitali University Hospital, 2University of Iceland, 3MATÍS. key words: Fresh food, food transportation, infection risk, antibacterial resistance, antimicrobial resistance, Iceland Correspondence: Karl G. Kristinsson, karl@landspitali.is 49. Walsh TR, Toleman MA. The emergence of pan-resistant Gram-negative pathogens merits a rapid global political response. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67: 1-3. 50. Walsh TR, Weeks J, Livermore DM, Toleman MA. Dissemination of NDM-1 positive bacteria in the New Delhi environment and its implications for human health: an environmental point prevalence study. Lancet Infect Dis 2011; 11: 355-62. 51. Canton R, Akova M, Carmeli Y, Giske CG, Glupczynski Y, Gniadkowski M, et al. Rapid evolution and spread of carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae in Europe. Clin Microb Infect 2012; 18: 413-31. 52. Kantele A, Laaveri T, Mero S, Vilkman K, Pakkanen SH, Ollgren J, et al. Antimicrobials increase travelers' risk of colonization by extended-spectrum betalactamase-pro- ducing Enterobacteriaceae. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60: 837-46. 53. WHO. Antimicrobial resistance. Draft global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Alþjóðaheilbrigðisstofnunin, Genf 2015. 54. Rubin JE, Ekanayake S, Fernando C. Carbapenemase- producing organism in food, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 20: 1264-5. 55. Woodford N, Wareham DW, Guerra B, Teale C. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and non- Enterobacteriaceae from animals and the environment: an emerging public health risk of our own making? J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69: 287-91. 56. Matvælastofnun. Starfsskýrsla 2011. 2012. mast.is/mat- vaelastofnun/utgafa/skyrslur/ - maí 2015. 57. Thorsteinsdottir TR, Haraldsson G, Fridriksdottir V, Kristinsson KG, Gunnarsson E. Prevalence and genetic relatedness of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from animals, foods and humans in Iceland. Zoonoses Public Health 2010; 57: 189-96. 58. Thorsteinsdottir TR, Haraldsson G, Fridriksdottir V, Kristinsson KG, Gunnarsson E. Broiler chickens as source of human fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli, Iceland. Emerg Infect Dis 2010; 16: 133-5. 59. Matvælastofnun. Salmonella í hitameðhöndluðu fóðri. mast.is/frettaflokkar/frett/2013/01/30/Salmonella-i- hitamedhondludu-fodri/ - maí 2013. 60. Matvælastofnun. Grunur um salmonellusmit í hús- dýrafóðri. 2013. mast.is/frettaflokkar/frett/2013/09/06/ Grunur-um-salmonellusmit-i-husdyrafodri/ - nóvember 2013. Y F i R l i T S G R E i n

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