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Læknablaðið - 15.07.1999, Qupperneq 11

Læknablaðið - 15.07.1999, Qupperneq 11
LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1999; 85 601 Ætisár á íslandi Sjúkdómur aldamótakynslóðar? HildurThors’, Cecilie Svanes2, Bjarni Þjóðleifsson’ Thors H, Svanes C, Þjóðleifsson B Trends in pcptic ulcer morbidity and mortality in Iceland. Crowding, poor hygiene and the birth of high risk generations Læknablaðið 1999; 85:601-9 Introduction: A cohort pattem has been demonstrated for ulcer mortality and perforation, pointing to a role of early life factors, while only a period-related de- crease has been observed in elective ulcer surgery which reflects uncomplicated ulcer. Objective: To study whether the susceptibility to peptic ulcer disease is determined early in life, as reflected in a cohort pattern consistent for all ulcer manifestations. Material and methods: All patients treated surgi- cally for peptic ulcer (perforations 1962-1990; blee- dings 1971-1990; elective surgery 1971-1990) and all deaths from peptic ulcer (perforations and other ulcer deaths 1951-1989) in Iceland. Age-speciftc in- cidence and mortality were presented graphically by year of birth (cohort) and by year of event (period). The effects of cohort and period on incidence and mortality were analysed by Poisson regression. Results: Ulcer perforation and bleeding, incidence and mortality, showed a rise and subsequent fall in successive generations, with the highest risks obser- ved in the subjects born after the turn of this century. This was confirmed by statistical analyses showing highly significant cohort effects (p<0.001) and no period effects. A cohort pattern was similarly found for elective ulcer surgery (p<0.001), also showing a period-related decrease across age groups (p<0.001). Frá 'lyflækningadeild Landspítalans, "lungnadeild Hauke- land sjúkrahúsi, Bergen, Noregi. Fyrirspurnir, bréfaskipti: Bjarni Þjóðleifsson lyflækningadeild Landspítalans, 101 Reykjavik. Netfang: bjarnit@rsp.is Lykilorð: ætisár, rofsár, blæðing frá ætisárum, valaðgerðir, dánartíðni, kynslóöaáhrif. Conclusions: Ulcer complications, ulcer deaths and uncomplicated ulcer were particularly common in specific generations carrying a high risk of peptic ul- cer throughout their lives. These were the genera- tions with the highest prevalence of H. pylori anti- bodies, the subjects born after the turn of the century at a time of maximum crowding and poor hygiene in Iceland due to migration from rural to urban regions. Keywords: peptic ulcer perforation, peptic ulcer bleeding, elective peptic ulcer surgery, peptic ulcer mortality, cohort effects, early life factors, H. pylori. Ágrip Inngangur: Erfitt er að rannsaka faralds- fræði ætisára (ulcus pepticum) þar sem engar beinar upplýsingar eru til um tíðni þeirra. Helst er stuðst við óbeinar upplýsingar eins og dánar- tíðni og aðgerðatíðni við fylgikvillum og hafa rannsóknir leitt í ljós að mjög breytileg tíðni er milli fæðingarárganga. Þetta bendir til að um- hverfisþættir snemma á ævinni ákvarði hvort ætisár komi fram síðar á ævinni. Valaðgerðum (elective operations) við ætisárum hefur fækk- að mikið og hefur sú fækkum verið tengd tíma- bilum en í okkar rannsókn er kannað hvort fækkunin tengist einnig fæðingarárgöngum. Markmið: Að kanna hvort áhrifa fæðingar- árganga gæti á íslandi í ætisárum og fylgikvill- um þeirra og ef svo er, að spá í þá þætti sem kunna að valda slíku. Efniviður og aðferðir: Allir sjúklingar sem fóru í bráðaaðgerðir vegna rofsára (perfora- tions) 1962-1990, blæðinga 1971-1990, valað- gerða 1971-1990 voru skráðir svo og öll dauðs- föll af völdum ætisára 1951-1989. Aldursbund- in aðgerða- og dánartíðni var reiknuð og teikn- uð fyrir 10 ára aldursflokka og 10 ára tímabil. Áhrif fæðingarárganga og tímabila á aðgerða-
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